This title has been replaced by Cultures of the West 4e, and its resources will no longer be available for student purchase or redemption after 15 Jul 2026. Anyone who purchased or redeemed access prior to 15 Jul 2026 can still access these resources for the duration of their original access period.
Backman, Cultures of the West 3e Volume 2 Student Resources
Description
All new print and electronic versions of Cultures of the West, Volume Two: since 1350 come with access to a full collection of engaging digital learning tools that work with the text to bring content to life and build critical thinking skills.
Digital Access to Cultures of the West, Volume Two: since 1350 includes:
- An enhanced eBook that integrates Clifford Backman’s engaging narrative with a rich assortment of audio and video resources, including interactive timelines and maps
- New Closer Look video activities that help students look more closely into the past and examine historical images with an investigative eye
- Western History Video Library consisting of 6 videos (with assessment) produced in collaboration with the BBC
- Interactive Maps with assessment that help students parse geographic information at their own pace
- Enhanced flashcards, including audio and images of both the terms and definitions to enhance the learning experience for students
- Key Terms Activities combining the enhanced flashcards and a matching activity to help students directly assess the material they are studying
- Interactive timelines in which students sort the historical events within a chapter in chronological order
- Note-taking guides that teach students how to glean the most relevant information from the text
- Chapter quizzes designed to help students focus on grasping the important material and self-assess their progress
- Video/Podcast links that bring history to life with engaging multimedia
Welcome to the digital resources for Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition! To help you get off to a smooth start this term, this Student Quick Start Guide will cover the need-to-know information about using Oxford's digital resources that you can use in place of or in addition to your Cultures of the West, 8th Edition, textbook.
To help you get off to a smooth start this term, this Student FAQ wil address some frequently asked questions about accessing and using the digital resources for Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, by Clifford R. Backman!
Having trouble registering for access to OUP's digital learning resources for Cultures of the West or there is an issue with the OUP content itself? Contact the Digital Support Team at:
- Email: LearningLinkDirect.Support@oup.com
- Phone: 855-281-8749
- Website: https://oup.softwareassist.com/
Having trouble logging in to Learning Link? Contact Learning Link Support at:
- Email: learninglink.support@oup.com
- Phone: 800-445-9714
- Live Chat: https://oup-arc.com/contact
Having trouble logging in to your school’s learning management system to access Oxford University Press’s content? Contact your school’s Administrator or IT Department.
Other resources for Cultures of the West 3e Volume 2 Student Resources
Author: Sarah Shurts, Professor of History, Bergen Community College
History in Practice engages students in the process of "doing history" via source analysis and synthesis. Its multi-step, inquiry-based approach guides students from the basics of understanding a source to creating informed examinations of the historical world. There are three sections within each module, and each section includes the following:
- Background, headed with the sect...
Explore Resources:
Chapter 12 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 14 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Worlds of All Against All 1540-1648
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Cultures of the West, 3rd Edition, Volume 2 Enhanced eBook
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Enhanced Flashcards
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Enhanced Flashcards
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Enhanced Flashcards
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Enhanced Flashcards
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Enhanced Flashcards
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Enhanced Flashcards
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Enhanced Flashcards
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Enhanced Flashcards
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Enhanced Flashcards
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Enhanced Flashcards
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Enhanced Flashcards
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Enhanced Flashcards
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Enhanced Flashcards
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Enhanced Flashcards
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Enhanced Flashcards
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Enhanced Flashcards
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Enhanced Flashcards
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Key Terms Activity
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Key Terms Activity
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Key Terms Activity
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Key Terms Activity
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Key Terms Activity
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Key Terms Activity
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Key Terms Activity
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Key Terms Activity
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Key Terms Activity
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Key Terms Activity
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Key Terms Activity
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Key Terms Activity
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Key Terms Activity
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Key Terms Activity
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Key Terms Activity
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Key Terms Activity
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Key Terms Activity
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Note Taking Guide
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Note Taking Guide
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Note Taking Guide
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Note Taking Guide
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Note Taking Guide
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Note Taking Guide
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Note Taking Guide
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Note Taking Guide
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Note Taking Guide
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Note Taking Guide
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Note Taking Guide
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Note Taking Guide
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Note Taking Guide
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Note Taking Guide
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Note Taking Guide
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Note Taking Guide
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Note Taking Guide
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Interactive Timeline
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Interactive Timeline
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Interactive Timeline
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Interactive Timeline
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Interactive Timeline
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Interactive Timeline
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Interactive Timeline
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Interactive Timeline
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Interactive Timeline
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Interactive Timeline
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Interactive Timeline
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Interactive Timeline
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Interactive Timeline
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Interactive Timeline
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Interactive Timeline
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Interactive Timeline
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Interactive Timeline
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Quiz with Feedback
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Quiz with Feedback
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Quiz with Feedback
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Quiz with Feedback
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Quiz with Feedback
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Quiz with Feedback
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Quiz with Feedback
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Quiz with Feedback
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Quiz with Feedback
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Quiz with Feedback
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Quiz with Feedback
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Quiz with Feedback
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Quiz with Feedback
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Quiz with Feedback
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Quiz with Feedback
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Quiz with Feedback
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Quiz with Feedback
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Closer Look
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Closer Look
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Closer Look
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Closer Look
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Closer Look
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Closer Look
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Closer Look
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Closer Look
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Closer Look
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Closer Look
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Closer Look
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 24 Closer Look
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Closer Look
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Closer Look
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Closer Look
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Closer Look
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Closer Look
Global Warmings Since 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 12 Interactive Map
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 13 Interactive Map
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 15 Interactive Map
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 16 Interactive Map
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 17 Interactive Map
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 18 Interactive Map
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 19 Interactive Map
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 20 Interactive Map
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 21 Interactive Map
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 22 Interactive Map
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Interactive Map
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 23 Interactive Map #2
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
Chapter 24 Interactive Map
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 25 Interactive Map
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 26 Interactive Map
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 27 Interactive Map
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 28 Interactive Map
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Chapter 29 Interactive Map
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
BBC Video: Montezuma, Malinche, and Cortes
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
BBC Video: Tupaia
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
BBC Video: The Haitian Revolution
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
BBC Video: The Steam Engine
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
BBC Videos: The Atomic Age
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
Petrarca, "Letter to Posterity"
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
From Ariosto, Orlando Furioso (Mad Orlando), 1516
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Machiavelli, Discourses on Livy, ca. 1517
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Erasmus, "Letter to a Friend," "Julius Excluded from Heaven," and Introduction to the Gospels, first published 1522
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Martin Luther, On the Freedom of a Christian, dedicatory letter to Pope Leo X (1520)
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Martin Luther, "Preface to the New Testament," first published 1522
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Francesco Guicciardini, Florence under Lorenzo de' Medici
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Cellini, My Life, 1558–1563
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Vasari, Lives of Artists, first published in 1550, revised and added to until 1568
Renaissances and Reformations 1350-1563
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Bartolomé de las Casas, A Short Account, written 1542; published 1552
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Nicolaus Copernicus, Dedication of The Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies to Pope Paul III (1543)
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Galileo Galilei, Letter to Don Benedetto Castelli, December 21, 1613
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
John Donne, Sermon (December 12, 1626); "To His Mistress Going to Bed" (1633)
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Descartes, A Discourse on Method, 1637
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Thomas Hobbes, "On Natural Law," Leviathan, 1651
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Anne of France, Lessons for My Daughter (late 16th Century)
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Molière, The Misanthrope, first performed 1666
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Cardinal Richelieu, "The Role of the King," Political Testament, ca. 1638, first published 1688
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Jean Domat, Civil Laws According to the Natural Order, 1697
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
François Fénelon, The Adventures of Telemachus, 1699
From Westphalia to Paris: Regimes Old and New 1648-1750
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
John Locke, "Of Tyranny," Two Treatises of Government, 1689
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Daniel Defoe, Journal of the Plague Year, 1722
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Rousseau, "A Discourse on the Origin of Inequality," 1755
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Voltaire, Letter to Rousseau on the Latter's "Discourse on the Origin of Inequality," 1755
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Cesare Beccaria, "On Torture," Of Crimes and Punishments, 1764
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Adam Smith, "Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System," Wealth of Nations, 1776
The Enlightened 1690–1789
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, 1790
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Maximilien Robespierre, Report of the Principles of Public Morality, 1794
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Napoleon, Letters to his Brother Jerome, 1801–1812
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Jakob Walter, Diary of a Napoleonic Foot Soldier, written 1856, first published 1932
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire 1789–1815
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
William Wordsworth, "Tintern Abbey," 1798; "The World Is too Much with Us," 1806
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Letter of Bettina von Arnim to Johann Goethe, 1810
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Thomas Carlyle, "Signs of the Times," 1829
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, 1851
Industrialization and Its Discontents 1750–1850
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Lajos Kossuth's Speech of the 11th July, 1848
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Karl Marx, "First Premises of the Materialist Method," The German Ideology, 1846, first published 1932
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Johann Georg Eccarius, from "The Friend of the People," No. 4, January 4, 1851
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Caroline Norton, "On the Infant Custody Bill," 1839; "On Divorce," 1855
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Isabella Beeton, From Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management, 1861
The Birth of Modern Politics 1815–1848
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, An Imam in Paris: Account of a Stay in Paris by an Egyptian Cleric, 1826–1831
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Charles Trevelyan, The Irish Crisis, 1848
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Matthew Arnold, Preamble; "On a Definition of Culture," Culture and Anarchy, 1867
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Edward Augustus Freeman, Race and Language, 1879
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Flora Annie Steel and Grace Gardiner, Complete Indian Housekeeper and Cook, 1888
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Theodor Herzl, The Jewish State, 1895
Nationalism and Identity 1800–1900
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Women, 1792
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Caroline Norton, English Laws for Women in the Nineteenth Century, 1854
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Winnifred Cooley, "The Bachelor Maiden," The New Womanhood, 1904
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Maria Montessori, The Montessori Method: Scientific Pedagogy as Applied to Child Education, 1912
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Emmeline Pankhurst, "Freedom or Death" (1913)
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Rebecca West, "The Sterner Sex" (1913)
The Modern Woman 1860–1914
Charles Lyell, from "On Extinct Quadrupeds," Principles of Geology, 1830–1833
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Abraham Geiger, "Moral and Legal Rules," Judaism and Islam, 1833
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Ernst Renan, "Miracles"
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Charles Baudelaire, "The Painter of Modern Life," 1863
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Charles Darwin, "On Sociability," The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, 1871
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Joris-Karl Huysmans, Against Nature (A Rebours), 1884
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Oscar Wilde, "The Soul of Man under Socialism," 1891
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Wassily Kandinsky, On the Spiritual Element in Art, 1912
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Sigmund Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, 1929
The Challenge of Secularism 1800–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Winston Churchill, "The Battle of Omdurman," The River War, 1899
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
John A. Hobson, "Criticism of Imperialism," Imperialism, 1902
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Mark Twain, "King Leopold’s Soliloquy," 1905
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Mohandas Gandhi, Indian Home Rule
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Frederick Taylor, The Principles of Scientific Management, 1911
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Presidential Address of Chitta Ranjan Das, Indian National Congress at Gaya, December 1922
The Great Land Grab 1870–1914
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Rudyard Kipling, France at War, 1915
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Extracts from the Treaty of Versailles, 1919
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Ernst Junger, Storm of Steel, 1920
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Robert Graves, Goodbye to All That, 1929
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Norman Angell, The Great Illusion, 1933
The World at War (Part I) 1914–1918
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
The Jesuit Relations, French North America, 1649
Worlds Old and New 1450-1700
Harry Sacher, "A Jewish Palestine," 1917
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequences of the Peace, 1919
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Paul Valéry, A Crisis of the Mind, 1919
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Henry Ford, The International Jew, 1920
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Excerpts from a Speech Delivered by Adolf Hitler to Open the 1933 Congress of the National Socialist Party
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Mussolini, "Force and Consent," 1923
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), The Decline of the West
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Friedrich Hayek, "Economic Control and Totalitarianism," 1944
Radical Realignments 1919–1939
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Aldous Huxley, An Encyclopaedia of Pacifism, 1937
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas, 1938
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Adolf Hitler, Speech from September 19, 1939
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Gustave Gilbert, Nuremburg Diary, 1947
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Arthur Koestler, The God That Failed, 1949
The World at War (Part II) 1937–1945
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Albert Camus, The Myth of Sisyphus, 1942
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Nikolai Novikov, On Post-War American Policy, 1946
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Winston Churchill, "Iron Curtain" Speech, March 5, 1947
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Introduction to The Second Sex (1949)
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Abba Eban, The Arab Refugee Problem, 1958
Theater of the Absurd: The Postwar World 1945–1968
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Sermon of January 21, 1934
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Paul Tillich, Collective Guilt, 1943
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Reinhold Niebuhr, Sermon on Humor and Faith (1946)
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Jean-Paul Sartre, "The Humanism of Existentialism" (1947)
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Pope John XXIII, Pacem in Terris, 1963
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
NSC 68: April 14, 1950
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Pope Paul VI, Humanae Vitae, 1968
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Gamal Abdel Nasser, Resignation Speech, 1967
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Enoch Powell, "Rivers of Blood" Speech, 1968
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Vaclav Havel, "The Power of the Powerless" (1978)
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Ayatollah Khomeini, Message, 1980
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Founding Charter of The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas), 1987
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Rebecca Walker, "Becoming the Third Wave" (1992)
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, "How I Came to Dissent" (1974)
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev, On Nuclear Defense, 1985-1987s
Something to Believe In 1960–1988
Halidé Edib Adivar, Memoirs, 1926 and 1928
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Fatima Mernissi, "The Story of a Female Psychic," 1989
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Francis Fukuyama, "Our Pessimism," 1992
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Luce Irigaray, From An Ethics of Sexual Difference, 1993
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Samuel Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations, 1996
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Martha Nussbaum, "The Idea of World Citizenship," from Cultivating Humanity: A Classical Defense of Reform in Liberal Education (1998)
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Richard Rorty, Failed Prophecies, Glorious Hopes, 1998
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
George W. Bush, Speech to Congress, September 20, 2001
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
European Council on Fatwa and Research, Decrees Regarding Muslim Women in Europe (2001)
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
You need to login or create an account to purchase or redeem access.
Mohammed Arkoun, "In Praise of Subversive Reason: Beyond Dialogue and the Quest for Identity" (2005)
Global Warmings SINCE 1989
World Economic Forum, Global Gender Gap Report, 2010
Global Warmings SINCE 1989