Innovation and Adaptation in the Western Christian World, 600–1450 CE
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All territories within France controlled directly by the king.

Christian celebration of the Resurrection of Christ; celebrated on the Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox.

An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market.

A written order issued by a court, commanding the party to whom it is addressed to perform or cease performing a specified act.

A trade network of allied ports along the North Sea and Baltic coasts, founded in 1256.

The French representative assembly, composed of the three social "estates" in France, first convened by Philip IV.

The native, common spoken language of a particular region.

The period 1378-1417, marked by divided papal allegiances in Latin Christendom.

The act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign.

Associations of artisans and merchants intended to protect and promote affairs of common interest.

The law of the church.

The medieval European system of self-sustaining agricultural estates.

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