Chapter 2 Self-test MCQs

* not completed

. Which of the following is most closely associated with Henri Fayol?

Hawthorne Studies correct incorrect

Time and Motion Study correct incorrect

Iron Cage correct incorrect

Classical Management School correct incorrect

* not completed

. A factory supervisor is checking on the quality of work done by workers on an assembly line. Which of Fayol's functions of management are they performing?

Organising correct incorrect

Co-ordinating correct incorrect

Commanding correct incorrect

Controlling correct incorrect

* not completed

. A factory manager is analysing a spreadsheet to forecast demand for products in the year ahead. Which of the following of Fayol's five functions are they performing?

Organising correct incorrect

Co-ordinating correct incorrect

Planning correct incorrect

Controlling correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following is not an example of Charles Clinton Spaulding's eight necessities of management?

No job titles correct incorrect

Cooperation and teamwork correct incorrect

Advertising budget correct incorrect

Conflict resolution correct incorrect

* not completed

. What is the key difference between Fayol's five principles of management and Spaulding's eight necessities of management?

The need for adequate staffing correct incorrect

Emphasis on cultural values and communal wellbeing correct incorrect

Planning and forecasting are not important correct incorrect

Clear lines of authority and command are required correct incorrect

* not completed

. How might Charles Clinton Spaulding have analysed the recent problems of excessive queuing and lack of basic cleaning caused in hotels by the requirements for people to self-isolate during the pandemic?

They were unable to conduct a feasibility analysis correct incorrect

There was not an adequate amount of capital available correct incorrect

They led to inadequate staffing correct incorrect

They disrupted lines of authority and responsibility correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes the control and management of workers performed on a personal, face-to-face basis?

Direct control correct incorrect

Span of control correct incorrect

Impersonal control correct incorrect

Indirect control correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following refers to the management of workers through levels of hierarchy and through the use of rules and procedures, rather than being on a face-to-face basis?

Direct control correct incorrect

Span of control correct incorrect

Impersonal control correct incorrect

Indirect control correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following refers to the number of workers that a manager supervises directly?

Direct control correct incorrect

Span of control correct incorrect

Impersonal control correct incorrect

Indirect control correct incorrect

* not completed

. An organization chart is divided into different branches which are further divided into areas such as finance, human resources, and marketing. What is this known as?

Reverse differentiation correct incorrect

Functional differentiation correct incorrect

De-differentiation correct incorrect

Hierarchical differentiation correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following is not shown by an organization chart?

The levels of managerial responsibility that people have within an organization correct incorrect

The career paths that workers might take correct incorrect

The social relationships within an organization correct incorrect

The official role that an individual holds within an organization correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes the reason for bureaucratic rules and procedures in organizations?

People have a moral duty to abide by the rules set. correct incorrect

They are designed to ensure that everyone across the organizational hierarchy is acting in the same way. correct incorrect

They create jobs within an organization. correct incorrect

They allow all managers to have a manageable span of control. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Bureaucratic rules and procedures are said to reduce managerial discretion. Which of the following best describes discretion?

The ability to make ethical judgements about how desirable a technically efficient action might be. correct incorrect

Applying the rules to the letter even if another action might make more sense. correct incorrect

The tendency for more and more of our lives to be governed by bureaucratic rules and structures. correct incorrect

The ability of managers to act autonomously on their own initiative and bend the rules where necessary. correct incorrect

* not completed

. An appraisal and promotion policy outlines a standard set of procedures which should be used for each appraisal. Which of the following is this intended to ensure?

Impersonal fairness correct incorrect

Discretion correct incorrect

Nepotism correct incorrect

Personal bias correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following does not apply to bureaucratic records and paperwork?

They allow for information to be collected and retrieved easily and efficiently correct incorrect

They allow for surveillance to take place by monitoring the information that they hold. correct incorrect

They are always held in filing cabinets correct incorrect

Some organizations exist mainly to process bureaucratic records and information correct incorrect

* not completed

. What is meant by Shoshana Zuboff's concept of the 'informated organization'?

It is a bank correct incorrect

The organization has become almost purely computer code correct incorrect

It makes banking more personal correct incorrect

Organizations use computer databases for a small part of their work correct incorrect

* not completed

. The term 'Big Data' refers to which of the following?

An algorithm correct incorrect

Paperwork in filing cabinets correct incorrect

A computer programme correct incorrect

Data stored by organizations about their customers, staff, and processes correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes the performance management system at Amazon?

They observe workers through a time and motion study in order to redesign their work to be more efficient correct incorrect

They use ongoing feedback mechanisms whilst rejecting overly bureaucratic methods of performance management correct incorrect

They have abandoned all forms of performance management correct incorrect

They collect vast amounts of data about worker performance and use this to construct metrics against which the workers are judged correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes Max Weber?

He invented bureaucracy. correct incorrect

He was a manager who developed the use of bureaucracy in his factory. correct incorrect

He was a sociologist who observed the negative effects of bureaucracy in society. correct incorrect

He is an Australian motor racing driver. correct incorrect

* not completed

. 'Just because something is technically rational, it does not mean that it is rational in human and ethical terms.' Which of the following of Weber's critiques of bureaucracy best sums up this statement?

Substantive rationality correct incorrect

Rational-legal authority correct incorrect

Disenchantment correct incorrect

Modernity and the Holocaust correct incorrect

* not completed

. 'Bureaucracy leads to boring, repetitive tasks where people do not get to think for themselves or try out anything new. It takes away all of the magic from life.' Which of the following of Weber's critiques of bureaucracy best sums up this statement?

Substantive rationality correct incorrect

Rational-legal authority correct incorrect

Disenchantment correct incorrect

Ideal type correct incorrect

* not completed

. What does Max Weber mean by the 'iron cage' of rationality?

That bureaucracy is the best way to run prisons. correct incorrect

That bureaucracy is so commonplace that hardly any aspects of our lives are beyond its control. correct incorrect

That excessive rules and procedures leave us more likely to be imprisoned. correct incorrect

That bureaucracy leads to a loss of 'magical elements' in life. correct incorrect

* not completed

. A 'jobsworth' is an example of which of the following dysfunctions of bureaucracy?

Mock bureaucracy correct incorrect

Red tape correct incorrect

Bending the rules correct incorrect

Bureaucratic personality correct incorrect

* not completed

. What is meant by Gouldner's term 'mock bureaucracy'?

Rules exist but are ignored correct incorrect

Workers make their own rules correct incorrect

The organization is a fake correct incorrect

The organization pretends to have bureaucratic rules correct incorrect

* not completed

. A social worker complains that they have been unable to visit vulnerable clients needing urgent attention because they have been too busy completing paperwork relating to previous cases. Which of the following dysfunctions of bureaucracy best describes this situation?

Red tape correct incorrect

Mock bureaucracy correct incorrect

Exercising discretion correct incorrect

Bureaucratic personality correct incorrect

* not completed

. A police officer walks past a bar and hears a fight taking place. Rather than going straight into the bar and implementing the law, the officer walks around the block for 15 minutes. Upon returning, the fight has ended, everything is calm and there is nothing more for the police officer to do. Which of the following dysfunctions of bureaucracy best describes this situation?

Red tape correct incorrect

Mock bureaucracy correct incorrect

Exercising discretion correct incorrect

Bureaucratic personality correct incorrect

* not completed

. What is the main argument of a post-bureaucratic perspective?

That computers can process bureaucratic records much more quickly than was previously possible. correct incorrect

That bureaucracy is commonplace in contemporary service organizations. correct incorrect

That bureaucracy is too inflexible for the fast-moving and dynamic contemporary world. correct incorrect

That bureaucracy is needed to standardize information that is shared between computer networks. correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes the most recent developments in performance management systems at Accenture?

They collect vast amounts of data about worker performance and use this to construct metrics against which the workers are judged correct incorrect

They observe workers through a time and motion study in order to redesign their work to be more efficient correct incorrect

They use ongoing feedback mechanisms whilst rejecting overly bureaucratic methods of performance management correct incorrect

They have abandoned all forms of performance management correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following is a means of categorizing different elements of the organization's environment?

PLAGUE analysis correct incorrect

VERMIN analysis correct incorrect

PEST analysis correct incorrect

SWOT analysis correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following would be an example of a factor emerging from the 'social' sector of the PEST model?

A competitor reducing their costs as a result of a new computer system correct incorrect

A public desire to reduce plastic packaging resulting from a television documentary correct incorrect

Changes to supply chain paperwork as a result of the implementation of the Brexit vote correct incorrect

An increase in the cost of raw materials due to currency fluctuations correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following would be an example of a factor emerging from the 'economic' sector of the PEST model?

A competitor reducing their costs as a result of a new computer system correct incorrect

A public desire to reduce plastic packaging resulting from a television documentary correct incorrect

Changes to supply chain paperwork as a result of the implementation of the Brexit vote correct incorrect

An increase in the cost of raw materials due to currency fluctuations correct incorrect

* not completed

. Contingency theory suggests that an organization's ideal structure should take account of environmental uncertainty, size, and which of the following?

Local labour markets correct incorrect

Competitors correct incorrect

Technology correct incorrect

Bureaucracy correct incorrect

* not completed

. An organization has a traditional bureaucratic hierarchy, but also places workers into cross-departmental project teams which have their own separate line managers. Which of the following best describes this arrangement?

Matrix structure correct incorrect

Contingency theory correct incorrect

Span of control correct incorrect

Unity of command correct incorrect

* not completed

. Frank Blackler (1995) suggests that organizations have imploded into computer code and simultaneously what?

Imploded into databases correct incorrect

Exploded into computer networks correct incorrect

Become more susceptible to computer viruses correct incorrect

Become rhizomes correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following best describes the nature of organizations, and the connections between organizations, within cyberspace?

Flower correct incorrect

Leaf correct incorrect

Branch correct incorrect

Rhizome correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following is most similar to a root-tree metaphor?

A river correct incorrect

Cyberspace correct incorrect

An organization chart correct incorrect

Grass correct incorrect

* not completed

. In food delivery services found in the gig economy, how is bureaucratic control at a distance achieved?

Through commands being issued face to face by managers at various levels of the hierarchy correct incorrect

Through an algorithm correct incorrect

By the managers of individual restaurants correct incorrect

There are no formal control mechanisms correct incorrect