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Return to Behavioral Neurobiology 3e student resources
Chapter 5 Self-test questions
Active orientation and localization
Quiz Content
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not completed
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Which of the following statements describe correctly the physical properties of ultrasound? Please select all that apply.
Ultrasound is defined by frequencies above the frequency range of human hearing.
correct
incorrect
Due to its short wavelength, ultrasound is well suited for the detection of small objects.
correct
incorrect
The speed of ultrasound is significantly higher than the speed of sound in the frequency range of human hearing.
correct
incorrect
Ultrasound is subject to a much stronger atmospheric attenuation than sound in the frequency range of human hearing.
correct
incorrect
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Which of the following scientists have contributed to the discovery of echolocation in bats? Please select all that apply.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
correct
incorrect
Francis Crick
correct
incorrect
Hamilton Hartridge
correct
incorrect
Donald R. Griffin
correct
incorrect
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Which of the following descriptors is not characteristic of FM sounds, compared to CF components of sound, produced by bats?
Long pulses that cover a narrow range of frequencies.
correct
incorrect
Short pulses that cover a broad range of frequencies.
correct
incorrect
Both pulse duration and frequency range can be modulated according to the behavioral situation.
correct
incorrect
Well suited for measuring the time delay between the emitted pulse and the returning echo.
correct
incorrect
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not completed
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Which of the following statements regarding estimation of target distance by echolocating bats is
not
correct?
The computation of target distance is based on the measurement of pulse-echo delays.
correct
incorrect
For the determination of the delay time between the emitted pulse and the returning echo a single measurement at the mean frequency of the sound is taken.
correct
incorrect
For the determination of the delay time between the emitted pulse and the returning echo multiple measurements at different frequencies are taken.
correct
incorrect
FM-FM neurons in the inferior colliculus of bats typically produce one action potential each in response to the emitted pulse and the returning echo, if the pulse-echo delay occurs within the time interval these neurons are tuned to.
correct
incorrect
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Finish this sentence correctly: Assuming a velocity of sound of 344m/sec, a pulse-echo delay of 2msec corresponds to a distance between the bat and the object of
172 mm.
correct
incorrect
344 mm.
correct
incorrect
688 mm.
correct
incorrect
172 m.
correct
incorrect
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not completed
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The FM-FM area of the auditory cortex of bats is a special case of a computational map.
True
correct
incorrect
False
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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Doppler shifts involve a shift in frequency and occur whenever the source of any kind of propagating energy, such as light or sound, moves in relation to the receiver of this energy.
True
correct
incorrect
False
correct
incorrect
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not completed
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Which of the following statements in regard to Doppler shifts experienced by the greater horseshoe bat (
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
) is correct?
The bat experiences Doppler shifts only if it flies toward a stationary object, but not if it is stationary and the object moves.
correct
incorrect
When the bat emits sonar sound at 83kHz while approaching a target, then the frequency of the returning echoes shifts toward lower values.
correct
incorrect
Doppler shift compensation is a behavioral mechanism for ensuring that the frequency of the echo is kept in the range of most sensitive hearing of the bat.
correct
incorrect
The bat performs Doppler shift compensation in response to Doppler shifts produced both by the relative motion of an insect in the bat's flight path and by the wing beats of this insect.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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Which of the following statements related to the place theory of hearing is
not
correct?
In the cochlea, sound frequency is encoded by the position of the hair cells along the basilar membrane.
correct
incorrect
In the cochlea of the greater horseshoe bat (
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
), sound frequencies are represented along the basilar membrane in a linear fashion.
correct
incorrect
'Acoustic fovea' refers to a structural expansion of the basilar membrane in the cochlea to accommodate perception of frequency components of sound that are of particular behavioral significance.
correct
incorrect
In the greater horseshoe bat, overrepresentation of frequencies relevant for echolocation has been found in the cochlea, among first-order neurons that innervate the cochlea, and in the auditory cortex.
correct
incorrect
*
not completed
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Which of the following counter-adaptations to avoid predation by echolocating insectivorous bats has
not
been developed by insects?
Tympanic organs with sensitivity in the ultrasonic frequency range.
correct
incorrect
Behavioral avoidance responses, such as movements away from the source of ultrasonic sound and erratic flight maneuvers.
correct
incorrect
Production of high-frequency clicks by means of tymbal organs.
correct
incorrect
Complex eyes with sensitivity in the infrared range of light.
correct
incorrect
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