Chapter 3 Quiz

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. The idea that organisms have an ideal form, and living versions are minor deviations from the ideal type is called

the great chain of being correct incorrect

scala naturae correct incorrect

the theory of evolution correct incorrect

essentialism correct incorrect

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. The emergence of evolutionary thinking happened in part when certain key figures recognized

the deeper meaning behind theological teachings correct incorrect

the necessity of faith in the development of the natural sciences correct incorrect

the importance of gaining knowledge through the careful observation correct incorrect

the importance of the great chain of being correct incorrect

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. Carl von Linnaeus developed

a logical set of naming conventions later used to classify organisms correct incorrect

a model of life based on genetics correct incorrect

a fully developed model of the scala naturae correct incorrect

a systemized taxonomy of life forms correct incorrect

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. Charles Darwin avoided use of the term "evolution" because

it might suggest progress or improvement correct incorrect

he feared the Church would intervene in his work correct incorrect

he did not yet believe in the concept correct incorrect

his theory was not based on evolution but on change correct incorrect

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. Mutation, natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift are the four key parts of

the extended evolutionary synthesis correct incorrect

the modern synthesis correct incorrect

the theory of natural selection correct incorrect

essentialism correct incorrect

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. Evolution of human sleep patterns was greatly affected by

environmental changes correct incorrect

cultural changes correct incorrect

bipedalism correct incorrect

increasing population size correct incorrect

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. Darwin and Wallace recognized is that change over time is linked to

variation correct incorrect

survival correct incorrect

adaptation correct incorrect

population growth correct incorrect

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. Development of a trait that plays a functional role in the survival and reproductive success of an organism is called

natural selection correct incorrect

inheritance correct incorrect

relational change correct incorrect

adaptation correct incorrect

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. Phylogeny helps us

keep different species organized in a way that allows further study correct incorrect

understand how a species has adapted correct incorrect

trace the evolutionary history of a species correct incorrect

develop new species names correct incorrect

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. Clyde Kluckhohn noted that humanity can be understood as

a continuum of small changes correct incorrect

a series of separate creations correct incorrect

a series of processes that elevate us over lower life forms correct incorrect

the biology and culture are entirely separate processes correct incorrect

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. Gene flow is

a slight, unpredictable variation in genetic code that occurs during reproduction correct incorrect

undesirable because it results in disease correct incorrect

an evolutionary mechanism only important when population sizes are small and possibly geographically isolated correct incorrect

the movement of genetic material (DNA) within and between populations correct incorrect

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. A mutation is

a slight, unpredictable variation in genetic code that occurs during reproduction correct incorrect

always undesirable correct incorrect

when a new trait is introduced to a population correct incorrect

when new genes are introduced to a genome correct incorrect

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. A gene is

the long sequence of nucleotides found along a strand of DNA correct incorrect

a double helix correct incorrect

the root cause of behavior correct incorrect

an evolutionary mechanism correct incorrect

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. Genotype is

the genetic components of an organism correct incorrect

the typical gene found in any given organism correct incorrect

gene testing correct incorrect

the exchange of genetic material correct incorrect

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. A phenotype is

an evolutionary mechanism correct incorrect

a ratio derived from the maximum length of a skull to its maximum width correct incorrect

the observable and measurable physical traits of an organism correct incorrect

the long sequence of nucleotides found along a strand of DNA correct incorrect