Chapter 2 Student Quiz 2

. Bronislaw Malinowski is most closely linked to which theory of culture?

historical particularism

structural-functionalism

functionalism

structuralism

. The idea that each society passes through stages of development starting with primitive and ending with complex is called

historical particularism.

functionalism.

structural-functionalism.

social evolutionism.

. If an anthropologist analyzes a society's use of religious practices as a way to keep societies together the anthropologist would be using which theoretical approach?

structuralism

functionalism

historical particularism

social evolution

. When an anthropologist sees a culture as an integrated system of symbols, economic practices, and political struggles without one clear "truth," he or she is using which theoretical approach?

functionalism

structuralism

poststructuralism

structural-functionalism

. When anthropologists advocate for taking a stance on a practice or belief only after trying to understand it in its cultural and historical context, they practicing

ethnocentrism.

moral reasoning.

interpretive analysis.

critical relativism.

. When anthropologists analyze the subordination of women in society as a result of thinking that men are "good" and women are "bad," they are using which approach?

functionalism

structuralism

interpretivist

historical particularism

. Why are values considered to be conservative?

They conserve prevailing ideas about social relations and morality.

They remain stable even as other cultural forces change.

They only represent a small portion of a society or community.

They are only defined by conservative members of society.

. A reaction or measure to intended to enforce norms and punish their violation is a

value judgement.

interpretive response.

social sanction.

function of stratification.

. Social institutions are

the most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture.

organized sets of social relationships that link individuals to each other in structured ways.

typical patterns of behavior viewed as rules of how things should be done.

symbolic expressions of intrinsically desirable principles of qualities.

. When one social group makes a unilateral decision to take control over the symbols, practices, and or objects of another, they are engaging in what phenomenon?

cultural relativism

inventing tradition

holism

cultural appropriation

. Interpretive anthropology argues that culture

is a shared system of meaning and people make sense of their worlds through the use of symbols and symbolic activities like myth and ritual.

is unknowable and invisible. The role of anthropology is to tell people's stories to give reason to a chaotic world.

operates though mental models and logical systems.

can only be understood through language and interpretation.

. Which of the following is not an example of enculturation?

learning to chew with your mouth closed

learning to wait your turn when checking out at a store

learning to recognize the sound of a fire alarm in case of emergency

learning to do a back handspring to show off to a group of friends

. According to Clifford Geertz's famous example of culture as a symbolic system, a __________ is a cultural symbol.

wink

twitch

blink

shake

. Which is not true of the textbook authors' definition of culture?

Culture is dynamic.

Culture is integrated with daily experience.

Culture is shared.

Culture is obvious.

. When anthropologists talk about cultural constructions, they are referring to the

process of meaning building though common experience and negotiation.

random associations attached to certain physical objects.

central role of architecture in community building.

demolition of important historical markers to make way for popular entertainment and cultural centers.

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