Chapter 2 Student Quiz 1

. When we teach children to eat with a fork rather than eat with chopsticks, we are engaging in

ethnocentrism.

cultural relativism.

acculturation.

enculturation.

. Enculturation starts

around five years old.

around two years old.

as soon as we are born.

after puberty.

. When people think their culture is superior to other cultures they are being

patriotic.

ethnocentric.

relativistic.

acculturated.

. What anthropological theory of culture argues that individual societies develop particular cultural traits and undergo unique processes of change?

poststructuralism

neo-evolutionism

cultural materialism

historical particularism

. Cultural determinism is the

idea that culture waxes and wanes according to population size.

idea that culture is determined by human evolution.

belief that culture is determined by environment.

belief that culture is responsible for all human action.

. The alphabet and numbers are examples of

culture.

symbols.

traditions.

norms.

. Values are

symbolic expressions of intrinsically desirable principles of qualities.

typical patterns of behavior viewed as rules of how things should be done.

the most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture.

something that conventionally stands for something else.

. Traditions are

symbolic expressions of intrinsically desirable principles of qualities.

typical patterns of behavior viewed as rules of how things should be done.

the most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture.

something that conventionally stands for something else.

. Norms are

symbolic expressions of intrinsically desirable principles of qualities.

typical patterns of behavior viewed as rules of how things should be done.

the most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture.

something that conventionally stands for something else.

. Marriage is a

norm.

value.

social institution.

social sanction.

. Cultural relativism is important in anthropology because it

helps anthropologists defend everything that people in other cultures do.

suggests that culture is amorphous, so no anthropological theory can truly be wrong.

helps anthropologists demonstrate how people are mostly the same.

helps anthropologists interpret other cultures using their goals, values, and beliefs rather than relying on ethnocentrism.

. __________ are not social institutions.

Patterns of kinship and marriage

Economic activities

Media and television corporations

Political forms

. Using a holistic perspective in cultural analysis, anthropologists can

capture a culture in its totality.

identify the most illogical parts of a culture.

understand the systematic connections between individual cultural beliefs and practices.

map out the most important symbols in a particular aspect of culture.

. Which of the following is an example of a social sanction?

People at a meeting refuse to recognize an attendee when he interrupts other speakers.

A man cannot buy a candy bar after his credit card has been declined.

Someone preparing for a job interview is careful to wear a clean shirt to impress the hiring committee.

Customers return defective cell phones after the manufacturer issues a recall.

. When anthropologists take a stance on a practice or belief after trying to understand it in its cultural and historical context, they are practicing

cultural determinism.

social sanctioning.

critical relativism.

applied anthropology.

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