Chapter 8 Quiz

Empires and Visionaries in India, 600 BCE–600 CE 214
. In the early first millennium BCE, the emerging states along the Ganges River valley developed political systems ranging from_______ to centralized monarchies.

. It is thought that Chandragupta Maurya was educated by _______________ who is the author of the influential political treatise the Arthashastra.

. _________ is considered to be perhaps India's most dominant ruler until the nineteenth century CE.

. Ashoka not only adopted the idea of dharma from Buddhism, but he also adopted the concept of ahimsa, or__________.

. In spite of his advocacy of the peaceful principles of dharma, Ashoka's empire seems to have been an early version of a(n) ________.

. The continual arrival of new peoples from central Asia expanded the cultural resources of northern India and greatly aided the spread of Buddhism, but it also:

. The _____ era is considered to be the classical age of Indian culture and religion.

. During this era, a collection of religious traditions derived from Vedic, Brahmanic, and Upanishadic practices, among others, and collectively called________, flourished, becoming India's dominant faith.

. Gupta power began to wane as as a new wave of central Asian nomads, the___________, began to arrive in the early sixth century CE.

. The following was not one of India's southern kingdoms:

. In devotional branches of Hinduism, a worshipper dedicates himself to practices that venerate, honor, or adore:

. The authors of the Upanishads, Mahavira, and Gautama, also known as_________ or Enlightened One, sought to reform the polytheistic Vedic heritage through the formulation of a single first principle.

. The Upanishads, which favored monism over polytheism, proclaimed a(n) ___________ first principle as universal truth.

. These Indian visionaries sought not only to understand the unity of the universe, but also to attain this unity by merging their personal selves, or_______, into the universal self, or______, and thereby achieve salvation.

. Nigantha Nataputta was the founder of the ascetic religious doctrine known as:

. The founding principle of Jain doctrine is the belief that all things possess jiva, a kind of______ that yearns to be free from the prison of the material world.

. Jain doctrine teaches followers that the only thing standing between their jiva and freedom from material bondage is something called______.

. Which of the following is not a characteristic belief of Jain doctrine?

. In a deer park in Sarnath, Gautama preached a sermon to his disciples outlining what became known as the ________, a path of moderation.

. Which of the following is not one of Guatama's Four Noble Truths?

. In Buddhism, the final stage of enlightenment reached through meditation and "right mindfulness" is an uncluttered state of calm non-attached "nothingness" or ________.

. Which of the following is not a characteristic belief of Buddhist doctrine?

. _______ is the practice of acting in an unselfish manner for the good of others.

. The Pali Canon, written in Pali, the sacred language of Buddhism, is a collection of texts that constitutes the foundation of________ Buddhism and serves as the fundamental body of scriptures for nearly all Buddhist schools.

. Which of the following is not a text in the Pali Canon?

. Around the first century CE, all of these ideas took shape in what ultimately became the largest branch of Buddhism, ________, the "Greater Vehicle."

. When did Hinduism become distinctly recognizable on the Indian subcontinent? ______.

. The incarnated form of a Hindu deity, such as Krishna, an incarnation of Vishnu, is known as a(n):

. With the decline of the Mauryans and the adoption of Buddhism by peoples of the northwest, the region around Taxila became the nexus of a caravan trade linking all of Eurasia, from:

. By this time, southern India's Indian Ocean trade had grown highly profitable from the spice trade, especially________, a spice which would drive what ultimately became the world's first global trading system.

. Not until the arrival of the______, in the fourteenth century CE, did Indian supremacy in the Indian Ocean trade begin to wane.

. Perhaps the most distinctive marker of Hinduism as a religious civilization is the ______system.

. The idea of __________results from unsanctioned contact with someone from a lower caste.

. Gandharan depictions of the Buddha was influence by _________________ artwork.

. The second-century medical text Charaka Samhita taught that good health was based on

. In addition to Buddhism, the most profound intellectual influences from India on the surrounding regions were in the realm of________.

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A map traces the Mauryan Empire under Ashoka covering India except for the southern part during 273 B C E to 231 B C E. The Pillar edicts of Ashoka were found at Pataliputra, Varanasi, Taxila, and some places in Karnataka. In Northeast India, the rock inscriptions of Ashoka were found.


The pillar edicts and rock inscriptions noted on the map above give us a view of Ashoka's vision of __________.

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The front view of the Great Buddhist Stupa at Sanchi.


The stupa pictured above was constructed for what purpose?

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A map traces the spread of Buddhism during 600 C E. A small region in Northeast India, comprising Varanasi, Sarnath, Bodh Gaya, Nalanda, and Pataliputra, formed the homeland of Buddhism from which the religion spread throughout the world in all directions. Buddhism spread to Gandhara, Ajanta, and Sri Lanka in the first century C E. Mahayana Buddhism spread to Russia, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka during the same period. Theravada Buddhism spread from Sri Lanka to Southeast Asia from the fifth century C E. There are Buddhist centers in the Koreas, in little clusters across Central Asia, in northern and eastern India, and in Sri Lanka. There are HOly mountains in China, the Koreas, and Mongolia. There are stupas in Northwest, Central, and East India, and in Sri Lanka. There are rock-cut temples and monasteries in South Korea, all along Central Asia, and southwest India.


According to the map below, how did Buddhism reach China?

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