Chapter 11 Matching Exercise

Innovation and Adaptation in the Western Christian World, 600–1450 CE
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An arrangement in which vassals were protected and maintained by their lords, usually through the granting of fiefs, and required to serve under them in war.

The French representative assembly, composed of the three social "estates" in France, first convened by Philip IV.

The period 1378-1417, marked by divided papal allegiances in Latin Christendom.

An outward and physical sign of an inward and spiritual grace.

A medieval method of determining theological and philosophical truth by using Aristotelian logic.

A written order issued by a court, commanding the party to whom it is addressed to perform or cease performing a specified act.

All territories within France controlled directly by the king.

The medieval European system of self-sustaining agricultural estates.

The urban-based middle class between the wealthy aristocracy and the working class.

An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market.

A representative assembly in England that, by the fourteenth century, was composed of great lords (both lay and ecclesiastical) and representatives from two other groups: shire knights and town burgesses.

Those countries professing Christian beliefs under the primacy of the pope.

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