Chapter 30 Self-Assessment

. _____ are treaties aimed at limiting the spread of nuclear weapons.

. The late 1960s and early 1970s witnessed the era of détente between the Soviet Union and the United States during which overt aggression _____.

. The _____in the fall of 1973 abruptly ended the era of détente.

. The sweeping set of reforms introduced in Czechoslovakia in 1968, aimed at decentralization and a loosening of censorship restrictions, came to be known as the_____.

. The _____advanced the right of the Soviet Union to prevent any member of the Warsaw Pact from attempting to abandon socialism or the Soviet alliance.

. The_____(SDI), nicknamed "Star Wars", was an anti-ballistic missile defense system in outer space proposed by President Ronald Reagan in 1983.

. Perestroika ("restructuring") and_____("openness") were the two economic and political policies enacted by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union in the mid-1980s in order to revitalize Communism.

. The fall of the infamous _____took place on the night of November 9, 1989, and marked the symbolic end of East Germany's Communist regime.

. The Soviet Union ended officially on Christmas Day 1991 and was replaced by the_____, with a now democratic Russia under Boris Yeltsin at its center.

. The massive mobilization of Americans during ________ accelerated civil rights efforts to combat segregation in the United States.

. The 1954 Supreme Board ruling on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, overturned the previous _____, which had upheld the notion that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional.

. Among the international conditions which also played a role in fueling the struggle to end desegregation in the United States were the postwar anticolonialist movement in Africa and _____.

. 13.President _____secured the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

. The _____was aimed at outlawing the poll taxes, literacy tests, and other means by which states had attempted to limit their citizens' ability to vote.

. President Johnson's comprehensive program aimed at eradicating poverty in America was referred to as_____.

. In her The Second Sex (1949) _____, a leading voice in the women's rights movement, challenged women to play a more assertive role in their struggle to gain full equality with their male counterparts.

. With the founding of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966, ______, a new term came to define the feminist movement in the late 1960s.

. The sharp rise in oil prices and the economic downturn it brought about would ultimately lead in the late 1970s to a phenomenon referred to as_____, a period of high inflation rate but with low economic growth rate.

. In 1966, Chairman Mao launched a violent critique of the direction of China's Communist Party, a phenomenon which became known as_____.

. The ascendancy of the pragmatic Deng Xiaoping to China's leadership brought about the 1978 announcement of_____, a set of policies which remain in place in China to this day.

. Communist China's new "open door" policies would allow the market forces of capitalism to create incentives for innovation and economic growth, and the nation's motto became _____.

. Among China's modernization policies in the late 1970s was the mandatory_____, which was aimed at alleviating the nation's huge social, economic, and environmental problems.

. In 2010, China surpassed _____as the second largest economy in the world, after the United States.

. The development of the_____ was one of the reasons that the US backed a coup against the government of their ally, Vietnamese president Ngo Dinh Diem, in 1963.

. The Khmer Rouge was a _____which launched a national campaign of genocide against religious and political opponents in the 1970s.

. In 1964, Yasir Arafat and other Palestinian nationalists founded_____, whose militant wing, Fatah, began a guerilla war against Israel and its backers.

. The _____was fought between Israel and Egypt, Jordan, and Syria in June 1967.

. In 1979, Egypt and Israel signed _____at Camp David, Maryland.

. The Lebanese Civil War was caused partially by the PLO's upsetting of the delicate balance among the different factions of the Lebanese state, which included:

. In 1979, Iranian shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown in favor of a

. The climax of South Africa's rigid racial social structure came with the institution of legal racial segregation in the form of _____in 1948.

. Since the early 1960s, a guerrilla insurgency group called the Sandinistas had sought to overthrow the Somoza regime in ________.

. One of the most damaging episodes of the Cold War in Latin America was the_____(Guerra Sucia) carried out in Argentina against all suspected leftist guerrillas and sympathizers by a right-wing junta from 1976 to 1983.

. The kidnapped victims of the Argentine Guerra Sucia came to be collectively known as the_____.

. Brazil's Cold War-era military dictatorship stayed in power primarily because of

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