Chapter 09 Self-Assessment

. The correct order for the events or eras listed below is:

Spring and Autumn periods; Warring States period; Former Han dynasty; Sui dynasty.

Warring States period; Sui dynasty; Spring and Autumn periods; Former Han dynasty.

Sui dynasty; Former Han dynasty; Warring States period; Spring and Autumn periods.

Spring and Autumn periods; Former Han dynasty; Sui dynasty; Warring States period.

. Anticipating a host of later Chinese thinkers, Mencius believed that ______________ are the foundation of the state.

the ruler

the people

the social order

profit

. The following statements are true of Confucianism EXCEPT:

From the time of the Han Dynasty, Mencius's interpretation of Confucianism has been predominant.

Confucianism was firmly planted in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam as well.

Confucianism has been a strong influence on the governmental and bureaucratic systems of China.

Confucian ideology has been uniformly practical, never straying into abstractions.

. The basic structure inherent in Confucianism is:

Egalitarian.

Hierarchical.

Based on the writings of the Han Emperor Wudi.

Flexible.

. All of the following are characteristics of a Confucian junzi EXCEPT:

He is humane, courteous, kind, and diligent.

He loves learning and hates sloth.

He has strict moral expectations of both those above him and those below him.

He seeks to help people succeed in what is good.

. During the chaos of the Warring States period, many intellectuals and philosophers devoted their thoughts to building a safer, more prosperous society. This intelligentsia included all of the following EXCEPT:

Mencius, who interpreted and popularized Confucianism, believing that a ruler's duty was to assure adequate material resources and to model appropriate behavior for his subjects.

Matteo Ricci, who believed that security comes only from entrusting one's fate to God.

Sun Zi (or Sun Tzu), who believed that a well-trained military is the most effective means of assuring peace, devoted his thoughts to finding more effective strategies for conducting warfare

Xunzi, who also studied Confucian philosophy, but had a very gloomy view of human nature, and believed it would be necessary to govern with strict, rigidly enforced laws.

. The most severe philosophical school that emerged during the Warring States period was:

Legalism.

Maoism.

Crypto-Confucianism.

Shaolinism.

. In the view of Han Fei and Li Si:

The sole duty of the royal court and the emperor was to protect and assure the well-being of the populace.

Soldiers are the lowest ranked members of society, with Confucian scholars at the top of the hierarchy, followed by peasants, then artisans, and finally military personnel.

The state was all-important, and all subjects must serve the state through productive activities.

Everyone can be led to virtue by the good example of leaders and a strict, but gentle, firmness.

. All of the following statements about the Dao are true EXCEPT:

Most Chinese philosophical schools accepted the concept of the Dao as the ordering principle of the universe.

Confucians generally believe that study and self-cultivation can put individuals in tune with the Dao.

Followers of the Daoist tradition attributed to Laozi the belief that Confucianism obscures understanding of the Dao.

There are records of intense debates between Laozi and Confucius.

. Which of the following most accurately lists the persons in the order of their birth?

Laozi, Han Fei, the First Emperor, Confucius, Mencius.

The First Emperor, Han Fei, Confucius, Mencius, Laozi.

Laozi, Confucius, Mencius, Han Fei, the First Emperor.

Laozi, Confucius, Han Fei, Mencius, the First Emperor.

. All of the statements below are true of the Daoist works attributed to Laozi EXCEPT:

There are similarities between it and Deutero-Isaiah.

There are similarities between it and the Zoroastrian reformers.

There are similarities between it and the Upanishad writers.

There are similarities between it and the works of Han Fei.

. The work of Zhuang Zhou is an example of:

The Daoist tradition.

The Confucian tradition.

The Legalist tradition.

The impact of Christianity on China.

. The state that emerged triumphant from the Period of Warring States was:

The Zhou

The Latter Zhou

The Former Han

The Qin

. All of the following are true of the Qin (as it finally did come to power) EXCEPT:

They were not pressed into constant battles by many of the other Chinese states.

Its remote location allowed it the luxury of developing its economic and military resources.

The state had recently been reorganized, replacing the old Zhou institutions with a strong, centralized system.

They immediately adopted the political system promoted by Laozi.

. The following statement is true:

The son of the Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi was judged unfit to follow his father.

If the Qin constructed the Chinese empire, the Han perfected it.

The Han dynasty was formed by a Qin minister, Li Si, who overthrew the son of the First Emperor.

The Han could keep order because they were more Legalistic than the Qin had been.

. By the year 2 CE, the population of China had reached:

About 200 million.

Just under 60 million.

Almost 5 million.

Approximately 130 million.

. Within a century of Liu Bang's reign, the Han dynasty's political organization:

Had developed a hierarchical structure, ranging from high-ranking ministers down to village clan leaders or headmen.

Depended on military support to remain in power.

Ruled through terror, with harsh penalties for even the most minor infractions.

Was top-heavy with bureaucrats, having well over a million government officials.

. All of the following is true of the reign of the Han Emperor Wudi EXCEPT:

It was a high point of the power of the Han dynasty.

He tried to deal with the northern nomads through diplomacy, bribery, and enculturation, but mounted military campaigns when all else failed.

He controlled most of the northern nomads, but could not subdue the Xiongnu.

He established wide trade connections and eventually extended Han rule into northern Vietnam and Korea.

. The periods of the Former Han dynasty and the Latter Han dynasty were separated by:

A brief period when the Xiongnu captured the capital, Chang'an.

A period of civil war when there was no official emperor.

The rule of Wang Mang, a relative of the Han family who seized power.

The "Red Eyebrow" revolt.

. Problems that arose during the Latter Han dynasty included all EXCEPT:

Peasants were burdened by excessive labor requirements.

Agricultural productivity declined because borderlands were lost.

A nomadic group called the Huns pressed against the northern border.

Internal strife within the royal family diminished Han control of outlying regions.

. All of the following were Chinese technologies EXCEPT:

The stirrup.

The compass.

The horse collar.

Double-level corkscrews.

. The Northern Wei and the Sui dynasties:

Were formed by members of Mongolian peoples known as the Toba.

Were members of lineages originating in eastern China.

Kept themselves separate from common Chinese families.

Were reluctant to take advantage of new military tactics.

. The Tang dynasty:

Was the first foreign dynasty in a millennium.

Increased the size of China to its largest extent in history.

Was founded by a 16-year-old who placed his father on the throne for a few years.

Gave Daoists many privileges at the expense of Confucian and Buddhist scholars.

. From the time of the Han, the position of Chinese women was affected by all of the following EXCEPT:

The imposition of Legalistic works, which depicted women as weak and in need of strong male supervision.

The emphasis on filial piety in the new Confucian curriculum.

A society that was generally becoming increasingly hierarchical and patriarchal.

A belief that women's education should center on the domestic virtues.

. The philosophical system known as "the Han Synthesis":

Is basically Confucianism divorced from the idea of reciprocity.

Is questioned by scholars.

Sets out the proper role of bureaucrats and commoners, but does not address the expectations of the emperor.

Shows a philosophical growth away from superstitious notions like the "Mandate of Heaven."

. All of the following is true of the Chinese historian Sima Qian EXCEPT:

He followed in his father's profession.

He was determined to relay the truth about events and people no matter the cost.

He chose castration over death so he could finish writing his history.

He condemned a court favorite by calling him an ineffective administrator and a coward.

. All of the following were important schools of Buddhism in China EXCEPT:

Amida

Tiantai

Chan

Zen

. The authors of the text argue that many of the brilliant innovations of Chinese intellectual and cultural history arose:

During the political and social turmoil of the late Zhou era.

During the powerful and peaceful span of the Han dynasty.

Out of the Legalistic approach of the Sui dynasty.

From the drive toward empire.

. The Chinese concepts of______________became the founding principles for the arts throughout East Asia.

Confucianism.

aesthetics.

Legalism.

government

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