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Return to Patterns of World History 3e Dashboard Resources
Chapter 25 Self-Assessment
Quiz Content
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Choose the correct chronological order of the events below:
First Ottoman-Russian war; Ottoman siege of Vienna; Crimean War; Napoleon's occupation of Egypt.
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Ottoman siege of Vienna; Napoleon's occupation of Egypt; First Ottoman-Russian war; Crimean War
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Ottoman siege of Vienna; First Ottoman-Russian war; Napoleon's occupation of Egypt; Crimean War
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Napoleon's occupation of Egypt; Crimean War; Ottoman siege of Vienna; First Ottoman-Russian war.
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Choose the correct chronological order for the events below:
The reign of Catherine II of Russia; the Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire; Emancipation of Russian serfs; Young Turks rise to power.
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The Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire; The reign of Catherine II of Russia; Emancipation of Russian serfs; Young Turks rise to power
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Emancipation of Russian serfs; the reign of Catherine II of Russia; Young Turks rise to power; the Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire
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The Young Turks rise to power; Emancipation of Russian serfs; the reign of Catherine II of Russia; the Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire.
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Prior to the nineteenth century, the Ottomans' traditional enemy was:
The Russians
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The Austrian Habsburgs
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The British
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The Moroccans
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All of the following are true of the second Ottoman siege to Vienna EXCEPT:
Vienna was saved when a Polish relief army arrived.
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Ottoman sappers and siege cannons succeeded in breaching the walls in several places.
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The Habsburgs retaliated by seizing the Ottoman territories of Hungary, Transylvania, and northern Serbia.
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It resulted in a third siege, when peace negotiations failed in 1699.
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In the early 1700s, the Ottomans instituted the following reforms, EXCEPT:
Went on a "gold standard" to stimulate trust in their paper money.
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Cut the janissary rolls by half.
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Enlisted Anatolian farmers into the military.
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Sold lifelong tax farms (life leases) to wealthy courtiers, officers, and administrators.
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During the period between 1774 and 1808, the Ottoman empire suffered humiliations in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
They lost the north coast of the Black Sea.
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They lost Georgia in the Caucasus.
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Napoleon destroyed the Ottomans' subordinate Mamluk regime in Egypt.
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They were defeated by the British in the Opium War.
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In 1792, an attempt at reform was initiated, which the Ottomans called the "New Order," and its main aim was to:
Reorganize the bureaucracy by replacing the existing order with professional, well-educated officials.
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Reform the tax-farming system with one administered directly by the central government.
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Replace existing communication systems with new inventions, such as the telegraph and improved railroad lines.
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Reorganize the army and provide greater training for officers.
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The word Tanzimat refers to:
A series of reforms inspired by Western European constitutional nationalism.
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A distinctive hat worn by Ottoman bureaucrats.
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A new system of banking.
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The reorganization of the Janissary military.
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In the Crimean War:
Russia and Great Britain allied against the Ottoman Empire and France.
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The Ottoman Empire, France, and Great Britain allied against Russia.
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Great Britain, France, and Russia allied against the Ottoman Empire
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Russia and the Ottoman Empire allied against the Western European powers led by France and Great Britain.
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The purpose of the "Fortunate Edict" of 1856 was:
To assure that all women had access to education.
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To assure a smooth transition in government should the sultan die.
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To clarify questions of equality among subjects.
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To make certain that all subjects had adequate access to food and other necessary resources.
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All of the following is true of the crisis from 1873 to 1878 EXCEPT:
It was triggered when the government initiated a constitutional congress to better represent ethnic minorities.
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When the government raised taxes, ethnic-nationalist uprisings began in Herzegovina, Bosnia, and Bulgaria.
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The reigning sultan was overthrown and a new sultan ascended the throne.
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It began when the Ottoman government defaulted on foreign loans.
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The Congress of Berlin had the following impact on the Ottomans EXCEPT:
They lost the provinces of Montenegro, Serbia, Romania, and eventually Bulgaria.
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Bosnia-Herzegovina remained Ottoman, but was administered by Austria-Hungary.
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Cyprus remained Ottoman, but was placed under British administration.
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The Parliament took over governance and the Sultan retained only symbolic power.
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Given the fiscal limitations, the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Abdülhamit II, took all of the following actions between 1876 and 1909 EXCEPT:
He was active as a propagandist.
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He emphasized his credentials as the pan-Islamic caliph of Eurasian Muslims.
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He encouraged ethnic nationalism within the Empire.
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He worked to install the fear of jihad in European politicians and their publics.
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In his later years, Abdülhamid failed in all of the following attempts EXCEPT:
Keeping graduates from elite academies from becoming dissatisfied.
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Eliminating secret junior officer groups in Macedonia and Thrace.
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Preventing a coup d'état.
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Reinstating a constitution.
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The Young Turks were:
Officers officially organized as the Committee of Union and Progress
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Initially strongly supported by Abdülhamit and his regime.
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Supported by military and government employees, religious students and religious brotherhood leaders organized by Abdülhamit's courtiers.
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A bulwark of support for Abdülhamit's government.
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The Balkan states of Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria:
Petitioned for readmission to the Ottoman Empire, seeking protection from Russian imperial expansionism.
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Declared war against Russia.
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Assisted in the protection of Erdine, a second capital of the Ottomans.
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Collaborated in the First Balkan War against the Ottomans.
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All of the following is true of Iran EXCEPT:
It is also often called Persia.
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It was the Sunni alternative to the Shiite Ottomans.
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Two dynasties of kings (shahs) ruled Iran between 1501 and 1925.
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Iranian rulers had to respect a balance of power between Shiites and Sunnis.
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The Russian Empire expanded during the 1800s at the expense of:
The French and Egyptian states.
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The rapidly declining British Empire
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The Qajar and Ottoman Empires.
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Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
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All of the following are true of the Decembrist Revolt EXCEPT:
It was led by military officers who were inspired by constitutional nationalism.
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It occurred just after the ascension of Alexander II.
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The leaders were executed, but it was a harbinger of things to come.
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It inspired the tsar to implement a doctrine known as "Official Nationality."
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All of the following is true of the Golden Age of Russian culture EXCEPT:
It occurred in spite of periods of censorship and repression.
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The Russian intelligentsia drew inspiration largely from Greek and Byzantine traditions.
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Ideas and debates were spread through new literary journals and other new literary forms.
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The inspired Russian intelligentsia arose primarily from the ranks of landed nobility.
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All of the following is true of the Great Reforms initiated by Alexander II EXCEPT:
The Tsar was convinced of the need for reform by Russia's defeat in the Crimean War.
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The Tsar believed that Russia had lost in war because of inferior technology and a lack of infrastructure.
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The Tsar made the mistake of waiting until he could gain the support of the economic and intellectual elite before implementing the reforms.
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The Tsar believed that the unwillingness of serf-owning aristocracy to shift to market agriculture had had a depressing effect on the economy.
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Following the assassination of Alexander II in 1881:
The movement toward liberalization floundered and the new tsars reverted to the tradition of tight, autocratic political control.
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The succeeding tsars continued the drive for modernization, realizing that it was the only way for Russia to maintain true sovereignty in the industrializing Western European world.
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The depression of 1873-1896 destroyed any chance of industrialization for at least 25 years.
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Alexander III was desperate for ideas and inspiration, welcoming diverse opinions from investors, bankers, and the intelligentsia.
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