Chapter 8 Essay Questions

  1. Do you agree with Hobbes's view of human nature? Is self-interest the only motivation
  2. Does Mills's utilitarianism conflict with the common moral principle that people have inalienable rights? Explain. Suppose the theory does conflict in this way. What should be done about this— should we reject the theory, modify it, or combine it with some other theory?
  3. What are social contract theories? How do they differ from autocratic theories like the divine right of kings?
  4. Critique Rawls's theory of welfare liberalism.
  5. Hobbes says that there is no such thing as justice until the Leviathan is established. Explain why you agree or disagree with this view.
  6. Which theory of justice do you think is better— classical liberalism or welfare liberalism? Explain.
  7. Which theory do you think is likely to produce a more just system— classical liberalism or socialism? Explain.
  8. Briefly explain why Plato is in favor of a meritocracy. What do you make of his claims? What would be some possible advantages and disadvantages of a meritocracy? that people have in their dealings with one another? Why or why not?
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