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Return to Power of Critical Thinking 6e Student Resources
Chapter 5 Self-Assessment
Quiz Content
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The fallacy of rejecting a claim by criticizing the person who makes it rather than the claim itself is known as appeal to
the person.
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persona.
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the masses.
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popularity.
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A type of ad hominem fallacy that argues that a claim must be true (or false) just because the claimant is hypocritical is called
personal attack.
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tu quoque.
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poisoning the well.
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equivocation.
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The fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true merely because a substantial number of people believe it is known as appeal to
emotion.
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authority.
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tradition.
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the masses.
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Usually the burden of proof rests on the side that
is winning.
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makes a negative claim.
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tries to prove a negative.
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makes a positive claim.
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The fallacy of deliberately raising an irrelevant issue during an argument is called a(n)
red herring.
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appeal to distraction.
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straw man.
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appeal to emotion.
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The fallacy of appeal to the person is rejecting a claim by
using rhetoric.
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making false statements.
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ignoring the person.
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criticizing the person who makes it.
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Arguing that your doing something morally wrong is justified because someone else has done the same (or similar) thing is known as the fallacy of
scare tactics.
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two wrongs make a right.
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appeal to pity.
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straw man.
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A slippery-slope pattern of argument is fallacious when
it is hypothetical.
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there is good reason to think that doing one action will inevitably lead to another undesirable action.
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there are only two possible results.
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there is no good reason to think that doing one action will inevitably lead to another undesirable action.
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Drawing an unwarranted conclusion or generalization about an entire group of people is called
false dilemma.
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stereotyping.
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rhetorical definition.
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straw man.
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The appeal to popularity is arguing that a claim must be true because
no one has rejected it.
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no one has proven it false.
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a substantial number of people doubt it.
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a substantial number of people believe it.
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A scientific claim must be true if it hasn't been shown to be false.
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FALSE
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If we could prove something with a lack of evidence, we could prove almost anything.
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FALSE
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Good writers never combine arguments with appeals to emotion.
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FALSE
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The following argument pattern is an example of begging the question: "Reinterpret claim X so that it becomes the weak or absurd claim Y; attack claim Y; conclude that X is unfounded."
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FALSE
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The attempt to establish the conclusion of an argument by using that conclusion as a premise is known as equivocation.
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Slippery-slope arguments are fallacious because they offer no good reasons for believing that the sequence of steps referred to will happen as predicted.
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FALSE
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The following argument is an example of equivocation: "The political action committee is very prestigious in Washington; we can expect, then, that each of its soldiers is very prestigious in Washington."
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The fact that someone has dubious reasons for making a claim does not show that the claim is false.
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The fallacy of composition is thinking that the characteristics of the parts are somehow transferred to the whole.
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FALSE
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The fallacy of division is frequently used in statistical arguments.
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FALSE
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