Incineration

Dynamic Experimental Investigation on the Volatilization Behavior of Lead and Cadmium in the Simulated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Influenced by Sulfur Compounds during Incineration, Liu, C., Y. Huang, X. Wang, S. Zhang, W. Xia, C. Sun, and H. Liu, Energy Fuels, 2017, 31 (1), pp 847–853, Publication Date (Web): December 2, 2016 (Article), DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01315.

Chapter 19 introduces the topic of ‘Incineration’ in Section 19.3, discussing numerous issues including: energy recovery, combustion products, fly and bottom ash, and toxic organics produced. This paper ties nicely to our discussion of fly ash metals, and investigates how in China, coal is often mixed with municipal solid waste (MSW) in the incineration process to increase the heating value obtained. The coal usually has a high sulfur content and the authors investigate its influence on the volatilization of lead and cadmium.

Red mud

Dispersal and attenuation of trace contaminants downstream of the Ajka bauxite residue (red mud) depository failure, Hungary, Mayes, W. M., A. P. Jarvis, I. T. Burke, M. Walton, V. oria Feigl, O. Klebercz, and K. Gruiz, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45, 5147–5155 (Published by ACS, May 2011)

This paper extends our brief discussion on Red Mud, Chapter 19, Section 19, showing a specific example of a catastrophic failure of a red mud dam and lasting effects of trace metal contamination downstream of the contaminated area.