Cloning and Genetic Enhancement

Quiz Content

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. What is the main difference between a cloned (SCNT) individual and an individual who is a product of normal sexual reproduction?

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. In therapeutic cloning, the goal is to

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. What does SCNT stand for, as used in the discussion on cloning?

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. According to Kass, one problem with cloning is that

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. According to Kass the fact that people (like him) feel repugnance at the thought of human reproductive cloning

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. What is Pence's main objective in his article "Will Cloning Harm People?"

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. Pence compares six different cases of reproduction, from natural twinning to SCNT. What conclusion does he draw from this comparison?

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. Which of the following is not an objection Pence gives to the argument that SCNT is not best for the child?

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. Sandel believes that the use of genetic enhancement is inherently wrong because

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. According to Sandel, eugenics and genetic enhancement can be seen to be wrong from a secular perspective because they would produce unwelcome changes in

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. Sandel's case against moral engineering can best be considered

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. Kamm claims that Sandel's moral distinction between treatment and enhancement assumes that

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. In response to Sandel's "social justice" argument, Kamm argues that

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. Which of the following is a "positional good," according to Peter Singer's definition?

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. If a global ban would not be effective in prohibiting genetic engineering that goes beyond eliminating obvious defects, then Singer suggests which "bolder" strategy?

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. Singer claims that the best way to avoid loss of equality of opportunity through the genetic supermarket is to

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. The crucial difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that only the former requires sexual intercourse.

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. Genetic enhancement requires asexual reproduction.

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. Kass's only argument against cloning is that it will lead to a dystopian world much like the one described in Brave New World.

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. Kass claims that almost everybody thinks about cloning from the point of view of the cloned child, rather than from the point of view of adults choosing to clone.

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. According to Pence, there is a risk of SCNT babies turning out abnormal.

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. According to Sandel, the ethics of effort is superior to the ethics of giftedness.

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. Sandel argues that cloning is wrong because it violates the autonomy of the cloned individual.

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. In response to Sandel's "enhancement versus treatment" argument, Kamm claims that nature can fail to be good and the good can fail to be natural.

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. Kamm discusses the case of someone who is careless with his hairdryer to illustrate the point that we are not always responsible for bearing the costs of our mistakes.

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. According to Singer, preventing the possible social harms of the genetic supermarket will require addressing very difficult fundamental value questions.

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. _________ cloning is cloning whose main purpose is to produce an individual member of a species.

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. _________ is the project of "improving" humanity by bringing about genetic changes in future generations.

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. Kass claims that in some cases _________ is "the emotional expression of deep wisdom, beyond reason's power to completely articulate it."

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. In Kass's view, cloning "turns procreation into _________" because "the total genetic blueprint of the cloned individual is selected and determined by the human artisans."

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. In responding to the objection that choosing a child's genotype will tell us how the new child will live, Pence argues that this sort of reasoning is based on a false view of genetic _________.

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. Sandel argues, "The real problem with genetically altered athletes is that they corrupt athletic competition as a human activity that honors the cultivation and display of natural _________."

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. In Sandel's view, "striving is not the point of sports; _________ is."

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. Kamm contrasts Sandel's view about "balancing" acceptance and transformative love and a view he calls _________, according to which the goal of enhancement is not perfection but mastery as a means to getting sufficient goods.

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. After rejecting the claim that the genetic supermarket harms the individuals who use the market or are created by it, Peter Singer moves on to focus on the _________ harms of the market.

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. Singer raises several concerns that the genetic supermarket could reduce equality of _________.

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