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. A advertises in his local newspaper that he has: '30 digital radios for sale at a bargain price of £30 or near offer, available until the end of the month. Contact me at PO Box 76.' Is the advert an offer or an invitation to treat?

The advert is an invitation to treat because advertisements are presumed to be invitations to treat - see Partridge v Crittenden. correct incorrect

The advert is an offer because it says it is a bargain, and the advertiser is therefore promising to sell to the first 30 purchasers who respond, just as there was a promise to sell to the first three customers in Lefkowicz. correct incorrect

The advert is an offer because it is addressed to the whole world, as inCarlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball. correct incorrect

The advert is an invitation to treat because the advertiser does not know how many responses he will get or at what price - seePartridge v Crittenden. correct incorrect

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. Upton on Severn RDC v Powellan example of the courts:

applying a subjective test of agreement. correct incorrect

applying an objective test, based on what it appeared to the other party was intended. correct incorrect

applying an objective test, based on what the reasonable bystander would have thought. correct incorrect

actually basing its decision on the prevention of unjust enrichment/restitution. correct incorrect

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. Which of the following statements are true in relation to auctions without reserve? Please select all that apply.

The owner promises to sell to the highest bidder. correct incorrect

The auctioneer, on behalf of the owner, invites bids and the bidders make offers to buy, which may be accepted or rejected on behalf of the owner. correct incorrect

If a person makes the highest bid, the owner is obliged to sell. correct incorrect

The auctioneer promises to sell to the highest bidder. correct incorrect

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. Although the submission of a tender normally only constitutes the making of an offer, in Blackpool & Fylde Aero Club v Blackpool Borough Council, the Council was obliged to accept the Aero Club's tender, which had been submitted within the deadline.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

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. A purported acceptance that changes the terms of the offer is known as a ………… and constitutes a rejection of the original offer.

Your response

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. Any response to an offer that does not exactly match the offer will amount to a counter-offer and will destroy the original offer.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

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. On Monday evening, in the pub, A tells his three friends, B, C and D, that he will sell his sports car to the first one to return to him a cheque for £10,000. B posts a letter on Tuesday evening, enclosing his cheque, which is delivered to A's home address on Wednesday lunchtime. C calls in to see A at work on Wednesday morning and leaves his cheque in an envelope with A's secretary, because A is tied up in meetings all day. A's secretary does not pass on the envelope until she next sees A on Thursday morning. D goes to meet A at the station on his way home on Wednesday evening and gives him his cheque, whereupon A gives D the car keys. Which one of the following is true?

B validly accepts the offer when he posts his letter on Tuesday evening. correct incorrect

C validly accepts the offer when he leaves his cheque with A's secretary. correct incorrect

B's letter becomes a valid acceptance once it is delivered to A's house on Wednesday lunchtime. correct incorrect

D validly accepts when he gives his cheque to A at the station. correct incorrect

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. If an offer prescribes a certain mode of acceptance (e.g. 'by recorded delivery'), which of the following statements correctly state the law? Please select all that apply.

Failure to use that method means that the acceptance is ineffective. correct incorrect

Failure to use that method means that there is a valid acceptance, provided the offeror is not prejudiced. correct incorrect

The effect of failure to use that method depends, in part, on whether the prescribed method is mandatory (obligatory) or directory (permissive). correct incorrect

Using a different method will constitute a valid acceptance, if it is not disadvantageous and the prescribed method is not mandatory. correct incorrect

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. Acceptance by silence is never valid.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

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. A ………, to which the postal rule is inapplicable, must be communicated prior to the time of acceptance in order to be effective.

Your response

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. The case of Dickinson v Dodds shows that? Please select all that apply.

promises to keep offers open for a fixed period cannot be enforced. correct incorrect

termination of an offer can be communicated by a third party. correct incorrect

an offer stated to be open for a fixed period can be terminated before that time, if there is no consideration for the promise to keep it open. correct incorrect

selling to X the property one has already offered to Y amounts to a revocation of the offer to Y. correct incorrect

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. A unilateral contract is one-sided in that only one side makes a ……….

Your response

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. In January, A, a rich maths professor, promises his colleagues (B and C) a prize of £10,000 to whomever is first to present him with the solution for a fiendish mathematical problem that he has set for them, the problem to be solved no later than the end of December. B has spent all of his spare time trying unsuccessfully to solve it, when A announces that he is withdrawing his offer at the end of November. C, who has done nothing up to this stage, is annoyed by A's conduct and spends most of December trying to solve the problem, presenting his correct solution to A on 24 December. B, meanwhile, has continued his efforts and finally (and independently) manages to solve it on 31 December and presents it to A on that day and claims his prize. Who is entitled to the prize?

B is entitled to the prize. correct incorrect

C is entitled to the prize. correct incorrect

Neither B nor C is entitled to the prize. correct incorrect

B and C are entitled to share the prize. correct incorrect

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. It is important to be able to recognize unilateral contract situations because? Please select all that apply.

it is easier to infer that an advert is an offer where the result is a unilateral contract. correct incorrect

communication of acceptance is not required in the same way as with bilateral contracts. correct incorrect

the rules about revocation are different and a unilateral offer cannot normally be revoked once the other party has started to perform, even though acceptance has not been completed. correct incorrect

the revocation of a unilateral offer can be performed simply by taking reasonable steps to publicize the revocation and does not need actually to be communicated to the person (or persons) who may accept them. correct incorrect