Chapter 23 Study Questions

Chapter 23 Study Questions

  1. Define the following terms: mutualism, coevolution, commensalism, constitutive defense, and inducible defense.

    Textbook Reference: Introduction, pp. 693–694

  2. Compare and contrast the mechanisms of the symbiotic interactions between plants and nitrogen–fixing bacteria, plants and arbuscular mycorrhizae, and plants and rhizobacteria.

    Textbook Reference: Beneficial Interactions between Plants and Microorganisms, pp. 695–697

  3. Discuss two types of mechanical barriers plants use to deter insect pests.

    Textbook Reference: Harmful Interactions between Plants, Pathogens, and Herbivores, pp. 698–700

  4. Compare and contrast the storage of various toxic versus nontoxic constitutive defense compounds in plant cells and tissues.

    Textbook Reference: Harmful Interactions between Plants, Pathogens, and Herbivores, pp. 701–705

  5. Define the following terms in relation to inducible defenses against herbivores and pathogens: elicitors, HAMPs, volicitin, and caeliferins.

    Textbook Reference: Harmful Interactions between Plants, Pathogens, and Herbivores, pp. 706–707

  6. Discuss the roles of Ca2+ and jasmonic acid in inducible defenses.

    Textbook Reference: Inducible Defense Responses to Insect Herbivores, pp. 707–709

  7. Using a labeled diagram, discuss the roles of systemin and jasmonic acid in the defense response of insect-damaged tomato plants.

    Textbook Reference: Inducible Defense Responses to Insect Herbivores, pp. 710–711

  8. What are “green leaf volatiles” and what roles do they play in plant defense against herbivores?

    Textbook Reference: Inducible Defense Responses to Insect Herbivores, pp. 712–714

  9. What are effectors, DAMPs, and MAMPs? Discuss the roles these molecules play in the colonization of plant hosts by pathogens, and describe the plant receptor proteins that have evolved to detect them.

    Textbook Reference: Plant Defenses against Pathogens, pp. 716–719

  10. What is meant by “the hypersensitive response,” and what signaling pathway mediates the response?

    Textbook Reference: Plant Defenses against Pathogens, p. 720

  11. What is the systemic acquired resistance response (SAR)? Discuss the role of salicylic acid in regulating SAR.

    Textbook Reference: Plant Defenses against Pathogens, pp. 721–723

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