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Return to Philosophy: Asking Questions--Seeking Answers Student Resources
Chapter 09 Self Quiz
Quiz Content
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To say that a calculator is "deterministic" means that
given the same input, the calculator will perform the same calculations, in the same order, and then produce the same output, leaving nothing to chance.
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given the same input, the calculator will perform the same calculations, in the same order, and then produce the same output, except insofar as chance interferes.
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given any input at all input, the calculator will perform the same calculations, in the same order, and then produce the same output, leaving nothing to chance.
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given any input at all input, the calculator will perform the same calculations, in the same order, and then produce the same output, except insofar as chance interferes.
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__________ imagined a supernatural "demon," with unlimited memory, an unlimited ability to calculate, and a complete knowledge of the laws of physics, who, given a complete description of the world at some particular time, could figure out the whole subsequent course of history-- including all human actions.
Plato
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Descartes
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Newton
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Pierre-Simon Laplace
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Owing to the belief in deterministic physics during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the solar system was sometimes compared to a(n)
firmly grounded building.
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animal with interrelated parts.
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giant clock.
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well-functioning city.
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According to the text, in contrast to the merely apparent "chance" character of dice rolls or coin flips, some quantum physicists believe __________ is/are a genuinely random process.
the origin of life
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radioactive decay
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Einstein-Rosen bridges
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All of the above
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Which of the following is an aspect of what we have in mind when we say that we have "free will"?
You have a number of different options before you.
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You are, to some extent, in control of which option you chose.
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You are responsible for your choice.
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All of the above
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Determinism is particularly threatening to the idea that
we are responsible for what we do-- that is, that we are at fault for the things we do wrong or deserve credit for the good things we do.
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God exists and is the cause of the universe.
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there is an afterlife-- that is, heaven and hell.
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All of the above
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Philosophers who suggested that we have free will even though determinism is true are known as
quantum theorists.
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soft determinists.
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hard determinists.
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libertarians.
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When Hume said that a free person acts "according to the determinations of the will," he meant that a free person's actions are a result of
radical, metaphysical freedom.
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a will determined by the universal laws of physics.
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her decisions, in pursuit of what she desires.
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All of the above
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Which condition(s) not obtaining led Hume to believe that the movements of an epileptic person having a seizure aren't free?
The person is acting in pursuit of what he desires, and his actions are a result of his own decisions.
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There are no obstacles in the person's way, which prevent him from acting as he chooses.
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Both a and b
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None of the above
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__________ rejected determinism by stating: "Determinism, in denying that anything else can be in its stead, virtually defines the universe as a place in which what ought to be is impossible," in other words, as an organism whose constitution is afflicted with an incurable taint, an irremediable flaw.â
William James
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Baron d'Holbach
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Immanuel Kant
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David Hume
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Scientific libertarians think that
hard and soft determinism are false.
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there is randomness in our neural processes, similar to the randomness in contemporary physics, so that our decision-making is not deterministic.
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because our decisions are indeterministic, we are, in part, free.
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All of the above
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__________ claimed that we each have a nonphysical, "transcendental" self, that is outside space and time, is ungoverned by the laws of physics, and makes free decisions for which we are morally responsible.
William James
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Baron d'Holbach
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incorrect
Immanuel Kant
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David Hume
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incorrect
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