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Return to Philosophy: Asking Questions--Seeking Answers Student Resources
Chapter 10 Self Quiz
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What is/are the central question(s) in the part of philosophy of mind often called the "problem of other minds"?
Do other people (and things like robots or fish) have mental states?
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Are other people's (things') mental states similar to yours?
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How can we know whether other people (things) have mental states and whether they are similar to yours?
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All of the above
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The mind-body problem falls squarely in the part of philosophy known as
metaphysics.
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phenomenology.
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ethics.
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aesthetics.
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__________ is widely considered to be the first "modern" philosopher.
Gilbert Ryle
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Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia
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Rene Descartes
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John Locke
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Owing to the existence of properties such as consciousness, intentionality, and rationality, Descartes concluded
there must be a mysterious, divine spark within human beings.
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there must be another, fundamentally different category of things in the universe-minds.
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minds must be more metaphysically fundamental than bodies.
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All of the above
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Descartes believed that the
mental is derived from the physical.
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physical is derived from the mental.
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division between the mental and the physical arose with the existence of human beings.
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division between the mental and the physical goes back to the origin of the universe.
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__________ objected to substance dualism by wondering how-- if minds and matter are totally different kinds of things (i.e., metaphysically distinct substances)-- it is possible for them to causally interact with one another.
Gilbert Ryle
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Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia
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Rene Descartes
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John Locke
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Descartes speculated that the mind and body interact in the
pineal gland.
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cerebral cortex.
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corpus callosum.
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Wernicke area.
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The mind-body problem is relevant to
all animals.
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only mammals.
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only higher mammals.
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only human beings.
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__________ proposed a memorably disparaging epithet for the dualist view, whereby the mind is a "ghost in the machine"
Gilbert Ryle
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Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia
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Rene Descartes
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John Locke
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incorrect
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For verificationists, a sentence can be literally meaningful
by virtue of the meanings of the words it employs.
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by observation.
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Both a and b
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None of the above
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According to verificationists, claims about the mental states of other people are verified by
observing their brain waves with an electroencephalogram (EEG).
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observing their behavior.
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having people report what they are experiencing (i.e., what they are thinking, feeling, etc.).
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All of the above
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The behaviorist's answer to how mental states and processes are related to physical, biological, and behavioral phenomena is that mental states and processes are
behavioral dispositions.
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equivalent to behaviors themselves.
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mere epiphenomena.
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emergent properties arising from the physical.
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According to the philosophical behaviorists, if something behaves like a normal human under a wide variety of conditions, then we
may tentatively assume it has mental states, though we cannot be sure.
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can know it has mental states.
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can perform behavioral analysis on such behavior and then determine whether it has mental states.
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All of the above
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__________ challenges behaviorism by posing a thought experiment in which an actor perfectly exhibits the behavior characteristic of someone in pain even though he is not.
Gilbert Ryle
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Daniel Dennett
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Hilary Putnam
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Ned Block
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For mind-brain identity theorists, the question "Which brain states are identical with which mental states" can only be answered by
empirical science.
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noetic science.
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a priori reasoning.
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metaphysics.
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Of the following objections, which has/have been raised against the mind-brain identity theory?
A pattern of firing of neurons seems to be a very different thing from an experience of a blue rectangle.
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If the brains of other creatures are not like ours, then they don't have mental states like ours.
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Neither an extraterrestrial nor a robot can think about math problems.
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All of the above
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Functionalist maintains that pain is anything that plays the pain-role in a complex causal system that captures our widely shared, common-sense beliefs about
pain.
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pain and other mental states.
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pain, other mental states, and environmental stimuli.
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pain, other mental states, environmental stimuli, and behavior.
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For a functionalist, if a creature has a physical and chemical composition very different from ours,
it is impossible for it to have mental states.
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it is impossible for it to have mental states like ours.
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it is no obstacle at all for it to having mental states, just not like ours.
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is no obstacle at all for it to have mental states like ours.
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Eliminativists think that common-sense mental states, including beliefs, desires, and pains, are
brain states; they are identical to the mental states to which they correspond.
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emergent properties; they arise from certain underlying mental states.
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like witches; they are the posits of a mistaken folk theory, and we should come to grips with the fact that they do not exist.
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mere epiphenomena; they appear real to us, but have no causal efficacy.
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Besides the physical properties studied by physics, panpsychism holds that ordinary matter also has
mystical, unknowable properties.
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a primitive form of consciousness.
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a highly advanced form of pure mind.
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All of the above
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