Chapter 1 Self-Quiz

Reality
. Confucius, a Chinese thinker in the sixth century BCE, believed that each individual has an impact on the well-being of society by fulfilling his or her role in relation to other people.

. For Leibniz, space and time are substances.

. Western philosophy is said to begin with Thales.

. Plato postulated the pre-existence of the soul to account for our knowledge of Forms.

. Descartes thought that human existence could be reduced through science to the functioning of a mere machine.

. Spinoza believed that there were many substances.

. Aristotle referred to metaphysics as "first philosophy", of which he was interested in investigating the nature of "Being as Being" or ultimate reality.

. Aristotle also adhered to Plato's theory of the Forms.

. Monism is the attempt to reduce all the things in the world to things of one kind.

. The god of Zoroastrianism is Ahura Mazda.

. Pythagoras believed that the universe is made of _________.

. How do Leibniz's monads come into being?

. __________ are central to Plato's metaphysics.

. Leibniz was a __________.

. Pantheism is the idea that __________.

. "The realm of the visible should be compared to the prison dwelling, and the fire inside it to the power of the sun. If you interpret the upward journey and the contemplation of things above as the upward journey of the soul to the intelligible realm, you will grasp what I surmise … . Whether it is true or not God only knows, but this is how I see it, namely that in the intelligible world the Form of the Good is the last to be seen, and with difficulty … ."
The passage concludes Plato's __________.

. In his allegory of the cave, Plato advanced the notion that ___________.

. For Plato what aspects of the "intelligible realm" is controlled by the Form of the Good?

. Who, in Plato's allegory of the cave, were the people sitting in the cave?

. The early Socratic dialogues tended to conclude __________.

. __________ claimed, "You cannot step into the same river, for other waters are continually flowing on."

. Plato believed that truth must be __________.

. Socrates was __________ teacher, who in turn taught __________.

. The concept of __________ allowed Plato to explain what it was that one came to understand when one learned that two or more things were of the same kind.

. Which of the multiple options would Aristotle categories as something of "Substance"?

. In The Symposium, Plato states that __________ always is, and neither comes to be nor passes away, neither waxes nor wanes.

. Leibniz's __________ can be created or destroyed but not by any "natural" means.

. At the center of Descartes's metaphysics is Aristotle's conception of __________.

. Leibniz's __________, based on the Principle of Sufficient Reason asserts that no two monads can have all the same properties.

. Thales suggested that the source of everything was, __________.

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