Chapter 08 Quiz A with Explanations

. The Christian church in Byzantium was headed by the patriarch who was also the

. The Monophysite doctrine, put forward in the fifth century by Cyril, bishop of Alexandria, held that

. Which type of eastern Christianity was prominent in the Sasanid Empire?

. To whom did many Christian communities in Western Europe look for leadership after the fall of Rome?

. What was a major cause for the decline of Byzantium during the seventh century?

. The conflict in the Byzantine Empire over the veneration of painted images of Jesus, Mary, and the saints was called

. Which Germanic tribal confederation sacked Rome in 410?

. Charles Martel's victory over the Muslims at the battle of Tours in 732 had which of the following outcomes?

. How was the relationship between church and state in Latin Christendom different than the relationship between church and state in Byzantium?

. What contributed to the Byzantine economic recovery of the early ninth century?

. Which state, founded by Vikings, was the most significant power in the Black Sea region by the late tenth century?

. Nomadic pastoralists from the Arabian Peninsula are called

. Why were Muhammad and his followers forced to flee Mecca in 622 C.E.?

. The revelations from Allah (Goto Muhammad were collected together in the

. Who was the leader of the Islamic community after the death of Muhammad in 632?

. What was a major accomplishment of the Umayyad ruler Abd al-Malik in the late seventh and early eigth centuries?

. Which city was the political center and a crossroads of culture and commerce during the Abbasid Caliphate?

. What was a significant blow to Abbasid vitality during the late ninth century?

. What was the major cause of Viking raids?

. How did the nature of Norse expeditions change in the ninth century?

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