Chapter 05 Quiz B with Explanations

. What was a major reason for the growth of religious alternatives to the Vedic tradition around the sixth century B.C.E.?

Chinese monks brought new and dynamic religions to India.

Many people were unhappy with the strict caste system.

Extreme crises in India led people to seek answers in new religions.

Brahmin corruption and control of the political system drove people to new faiths.

. Which Indian religion was based on the idea of ending human suffering?

Jainism

Buddhism

Confucianism

Hinduism

. Buddhism spread in the third century B.C.E. due in part to the royal patronage of the Mauryan ruler

Chandragupta.

Samudra.

Arjuna.

Ashoka.

. Kautilya's work on government encouraged rulers to

be nonviolent and convert to Buddhism.

build long-lasting trade relations with China.

be like Alexander the Great.

use all means necessary to promote stability and order.

. In the period from 500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E. India was linked commercially with China through

the Indian Ocean.

Harappan ports.

the Silk Road.

Sri Lanka.

. What was one important calculation or discovery made by ancient Indian mathematicians?

The circumference of the world

The concept of zero

The triangulation theory

The Sanskrit theorem

. During the classical era, how was scholarship in China different from scholarship in India?

It focused solely on historical writing.

It focused primarily on secular subjects and concerns.

It focused on the study of law.

It focused on developing new technologies.

. According to Confucius, what was the ideal Chinese state?

The Xia dynasty

The Kushan dynasty

The Shang dynasty

The Zhou dynasty

. Which Chinese philosopher in the third century B.C.E. believed that people acted in their own selfish interests and that strict laws were necessary to control them?

Confucius

Mencius

Xunzi

Laozi

. Lord Shang Yang introduced what philosophy to the Chinese state of Qin in the fourth century B.C.E.?

Legalism

Daoism

Confucianism

Buddhism

. What major reform made by Shi Huangdi helped unify China in the third century B.C.E.?

He began to build defensive walls

He standardized the written script.

He eliminated provincial boundaries.

He built a major canal linking the north and south.

. How was Shi Huangdi's view of social diversity different from that of the Persians?

He embracd it even more as a state strength.

His views were completely ambivalent.

He saw it as a cause of disunity.

He sought to use it as a source of class conflict.

. Liu Bang founded which new dynasty in 206 B.C.E.?

The Qin

The Zhou

The Shang

The Han

. What was an important theme in the Han historian Sima Qian's writing?

That China had a long history of being ruled by successive dynasties

That China had reached its height under the Qin

That historical change was caused by the Mandate of Heaven

That nomadic groups played a significant role in the rise of the Han

. What impact did the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods have on the development of Chinese culture from 500 B.C.E. to 200 C.E.?

It led to a decline in culture much like the Greek Dark Age.

It led to significant developments in philosophy and statecraft.

It led to a new mournful style of poetry and prose.

It led to a cultural synthesis between north and south.

. Which Athenian philosopher was critical of the democratic system?

Plato

Pericles

Aristotle

Solon

. Teachers of rhetoric in classical Athens were called

sophists.

helots.

hoplites.

dramatists.

. What was the significance of the fifth century B.C.E. histories written by Herodotus and Thucydides?

They attributed all events to the will of the gods.

They were very critical of the works by Homer.

They saw events as being caused by human actions.

They were overly biased toward Athens.

. The blending of Greek and local cultures is known as

assimilation.

Hellenism.

Stoicism.

philosophy.

. What were the two major states carved out of Alexander's empire following his death in 323 B.C.E.?

Phoenicia and Judea

Babylonian Empire and Roman Empire

Macedonia and Persia

Seleucid Empire and Ptolemaic Empire

. What was the significance of cities, like Alexandria, established by Greeks during the Hellenistic age?

They became places of cultural exchange and diversification.

They showcased Greek cultural superiority over other cultures.

They bankrupted the Seleucid and Ptolemaic Empires due to their cost.

They were mainly military garrisons used to control the local population.

. How was philosophy different in the Hellenistic era than the Classical period?

It focused more on how to live a thoughtful political life.

It incorporated significant elements of Eastern mysticism.

It was concerned more with individuals and how to live a good life.

It focused more on discovering the ultimate truths of the universe.

. What do historians call the group of cultures that developed alongside the Greeks in western Eurasia during the first millennium B.C.E.?

Spartans

Celts

Indo-Europeans

Brahmins

. The discovery of "bog people" by archeologists indicated that Celtic religious practices included

worshiping Egyptian gods.

priests living in secluded locations.

Greek divination practices.

human sacrifice.

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