Chapter 01 Quiz A with Explanations

. Human evolution was shaped by

human migration,

changes in the natural environment.

genetic mutations over time.

the integration of different hominid species.

. What is the significance of 3.6 million-year-old fossilized footprints found at the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania?

They are the earliest known proof of human existence.

They prove that hominids originated in Africa.

They are the earliest evidence of humans smoothly walking upright.

They are proof of early hominid migration.

. Why, approximately 30,000 years ago, did Homo sapiens become the sole surviving human species?

They were the only species to survive significant climate change.

They migrated from Africa to Europe and Asia.

They were more successful at adapting to changing environmental conditions than other species.

They had stockier bodies which made them physically stronger than other human species.

. Hominids migrated to Europe around 500,000 years ago and eventually formed a separate branch called

Homo erectus.

Neanderthal.

Homo sapiens.

Australopithecus

. Changes in the concentration of melanin in skin and in the size of human limbs are examples of

the impace of the last ice age on human physiology.

the impact of a heavy meat diet on humans.

the varied adaptations of humans due to the assimilation of various species.

the adaptation of humans to various regions of the world over time.

. Linguistic variety is an expression of

human genetic differentiation.

the impact of the last ice age.

human adaptation to new environments.

human migration from Africa to Asia.

. Why were women considered the center of the Paleolithic economy?

They gathered most of the daily food.

They did all of the hunting.

They were the most active in farming.

They manufactured most of the stone tools.

. Paleolithic-era humans lived in groups of 15 to 40 members because

they did not have the food resources to sustain larger groups.

they wanted to avoid disputes over property ownership.

they needed to be able to move from place to place quickly.

their religious beliefs dictated the necessity of smaller groups.

. Why were Paleolithic communities egalitarian in nature?

Strict communal laws increased a group's chances of survival.

All property was considered communal in order to avoid infighting.

Groups were constantly moving, which prevented the accumulaton of wealth.

Religious practices discouraged the accumulation of wealth and gender inequality.

. About 100,000 years ago, the first human group to bury their dead was

Homo sapiens.

Neanderthal.

Homo erectus.

Australopithecus.

. The Lascaux cave in France is significant to our understanding of Paleolithic culture due to the

large number of human trash deposits there.

preservation of many Homo sapiens grave sites there.

large number of well-preserved stone tools found there.

discovery of hundreds of cave paintings there.

. The Neolithic era was characterized by the

migration of people to the Americas.

gradual transition to farming asthe main livelihood.

use of copper as the primary material for tools.

emergence of agriculture in Australia.

. Agriculture was most likely invented between 10,000 and 9000 B.C.E in

North America

Western Australia

Northern Europe

Southwest Asia

. Farming first emerged around 10,000 B.C.E due to

advances in stone technology.

plentiful supplies of wild plants and animals.

the migration of people from the north.

beneficial weather patterns.

. What was a disadvantage of farming over gathering and hunting?

Larger communities

More reliable food supply

Susceptibility to disease

Opportunities for trade

. In Neolithic communities, the building of homes with rectangular rooms led to

new modes of artistic expression.

the construction of multistory dwellings.

rooms with specialized functions.

communal competition for living space.

. What do archeologists use to date Neolithic settlements?

Stone tools

Arial photos

Sediment samples

Pottery

. A common burial practice found among Neolithic societies was the burial of the dead

in caves.

in the hollows of trees.

underneath the floors of houses.

inside large stone chambers.

. In what way did Aborigines change their environments to suit their needs?

They used fire to increase food production.

They built large structures to store food.

They dammed streams to farm fish.

They built fences to keep in large game animals.

. The Aborigines' worldview was centered on the concept of

icon veneration.

Dreamtime.

mother goddess worship.

communal balance with nature.

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