Chapter 1 Practice Quizzes

Introduction
. Which term refers to our assumptions about why others behave or think the way they do?

. According to information theory, in what way is information provided by a particular message is _______ to the probability of its occurrence?

. What did Hyman's early experiments demonstrate?

. According to Broadbent's filter model, what happens to the information that arrives at our senses and is not selected?

. You have been recruited to participate in a psychology. The experimenter asks you to wear headphones, listen to a series of numbers, and recall them in any order you like. You hear pairs of different numbers at the same time, one in each ear. For example, if you hear “17,” you would hear the “1” in the left ear and the “7” in the right ear. After hearing the series 17-82-64, how would you likely recall them?

. According to Strayer, Drews, and Johnston, which of the following statements about driving with a hand-held cell phone is true?

. Who argued that the stimuli used by information-processing psychologists in their experiments were often impoverished in comparison with the information available in the real world?

. Which of the following is NOT a part of Neisser's perceptual cycle?

. Which of the following would NOT be studied in human experimental psychology?

. Which of the following is accurately portrays the steps, in the correct order, of cognitive ethology?

. Psychophysics refers to the study of the relation between ________.

. Webster and Thompson (1953) demonstrated that air traffic controllers ________.

. Which of the following is NOT a component of Broadbent's filter model?

. The concept of primary memory is best attributed to ________.

. The experimental method can be characterized by all of the following except that ________.

. What is the focus of cognitive information-processing models?

. What term best captures general expectations and assumptions of our environment?

. The perceptual cycle begins with ________.

. If you were a participant in an experiment and you were listening to two messages played simultaneously (one message to each ear), the researcher would most likely be employing a _________ and would likely be studying ____________.

. Findings from the Brown-Peterson task are used as evidence to support the distinction between ________.

. The second stage of the development of the study of human cognition took place in the mid-1970s and was fuelled by computational analysis and marked the arrival of cognitive science.

. If two messages are presented, you are more likely to respond more quickly to the one that is unexpected.

. Findings from the dichotic listening task demonstrate that we are relatively good at paying attention to two messages (one at each ear).

. Information that is absent from awareness is considered to be in secondary memory.

. Our expectations of what we are likely to find as we explore the world are known as affordances.

. Cognitive psychology views humans as passive information processors.

. Time is not considered a limitation on information processing capacity.

. Using a hands-free phone while driving is better than using a hand-held phone.

. In the Brown-Peterson task, participants are asked to count backwards to prevent rehearsal.

. In Broadbent's model, the sensory buffer is free of capacity limitations.

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