Middle East and North Africa
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The war resulting from the attack in 1973 of Israel by Egypt, Iraq and Syria.

A series of protests in countries in Middle East and North Africa that began in 2010 and called for the removal of authoritarian regimes.

An empire that developed from the Roman Empire, centered on Constantinople that lasted from 285 until 1483.

A tall tower in a mosque initially used to call worshippers to prayer.

The name given to big-name, well-known architects who participate in construction to market or brand a city.

Money that leaves other areas of the world seeking a location with strong secrecy laws where money can be hidden and invested without scrutiny.

The recreation of a transnational authority guided by Islamic principles and is a long held belief of many Sunni fundamentalists.

The period in Europe from roughly 500 to 1100 associated with limited urban growth, economic development or knowledge production.

An organized killing of a particular ethnic group.

The process by which water is transferred from land to the atmosphere by evaporation from soil and other surfaces and by transpiration from plants.

A sect of Islam distinct from Shia in that its adherents do not believe that the succession of the Prophet Mohammed should be hereditary and follow family bloodlines.

An attempt by a group or individual to overthrow an existing government in order to implement their own regime.

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