Middle East and North Africa
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The war resulting from the attack in 1973 of Israel by Egypt, Iraq and Syria.

A more formalized written standard form of Arabic that is commonly used across the Arab-speaking world, in contrast to the multiple forms of spoken Arabic.

A sect of Islam distinct from Shia in that its adherents do not believe that the succession of the Prophet Mohammed should be hereditary and follow family bloodlines.

A tall tower in a mosque initially used to call worshippers to prayer.

An economic development strategy marked by protectionist policies in order to bolster local growth.

A sect of Islam distinct from Sunni whose adherents believe that the succession of the Prophet Mohammed should be hereditary and follow family bloodlines.

A communal settlement in Israel.

An attempt by a group or individual to overthrow an existing government in order to implement their own regime.

Money that leaves other areas of the world seeking a location with strong secrecy laws where money can be hidden and invested without scrutiny.

Injecting liquids at high pressure into underground rock formations to extract oil and gas.

A veil typically worn by Muslim women.

A group of people living outside of their homeland.

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