Occurs when birth rates fall to a point that requires less investment in the very young, but before more investment is required on the elderly, and results in the relative and absolute increase of younger, more productive workers.
A separate and distinct unit of political authority.
A term used more frequently since the end of the Cold War referring to countries that have since industrialized and matured into First World countries.
A term popularly used during or before the Cold War, for describing communist countries.
A term used to describe countries that are considered to be rich, affluent and have growing economies.
The line of longitude designated as the zero degree line.
Community of people with a common identity, shared cultural values, and a commitment and attachment to a particular area.
A military alliance formed in 1949 between Canada, the USA and European countries as a bulwark against the Soviet Union.
A global change in mortality and fertility that occurred around 1800, but also refers to the four phases of transition.
A term used to describe countries that are progressing economically but are still not developed enough to be considered First World or developed countries.
A term replacing the previously used 'developed' designation for countries, named because of the location of most developed countries, which sits above the 30 degrees North latitude line.
A form of hostility between countries that is marked by threat, military posturing, and other acts short of actual warfare. Also a name given to the USA- USSR conflict between 1945 and 1989.
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