Chapter 19 Self Quiz

. Which of the following would the ethical objectivist accept?

Morality is determined by the guiding ideals of a society.

Morality is determined by personal opinion.

There are no moral truths at all.

None of the above

. Which of the following would a cultural relativist accept?

Morality is determined by the guiding ideals of a society.

Morality is determined by personal opinion.

There are no moral truths at all.

None of the above

. Which of the following is not a version of moral skepticism?

Moral nihilism

Ethical objectivism

Ethical subjectivism

Cultural relativism

. Which of the following would a cultural relativist not accept?

Different societies have different moral codes.

Individuals can be mistaken about what is morally required of them.

Some societies have better moral codes than others.

There are no objective moral standards.

. What does cultural relativism imply about iconoclasts who oppose the conventional moral wisdom of a society?

They are always a source of moral progress.

They are always morally mistaken.

They can be morally correct but are often morally mistaken.

They are impossible.

. According to ethical subjectivism, what is the relationship between a thing being good and someone approving of it?

The only reason people approve of things is because those things are good.

Whether something is good is independent of whether anyone approves of it.

Good people approve of good things, whereas bad people approve of bad things.

Things are good only because people approve of them.

. If cultural relativism is true, what happens when the moral code of a society changes?

Such changes always indicate moral progress.

Such changes only rarely indicate moral progress.

Such changes never indicate moral progress.

It is impossible for a society's moral code to change, according to cultural relativism.

. If I say, "The death penalty is immoral," what does this mean, according to ethical subjectivism?

The death penalty is objectively morally wrong.

My society disapproves of the death penalty.

I disapprove of the death penalty.

This claim is meaningless, according to ethical subjectivism.

. What is an ideal observer?

A fair third party who negotiates disputes

An improved version of oneself who is fully informed and perfectly rational

Someone who comes to moral verdicts by using thought experiments

None of the above

. According to the text, what is the most serious problem for ideal observer subjectivism?

Ideal observers would approve of things because they were good and not vice versa.

It cannot account for moral disagreement.

It makes moral progress impossible.

It makes questioning one's own commitments pointless.

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