Chapter 14 Self Quiz

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. Which of the following best characterizes the attitude of Hobbes's character "the Fool"?

He does not believe that breaking promises is unjust. correct incorrect

He believes that breaking promises is unjust but doesn't care. correct incorrect

He always keeps promises, whether it is in his interest or not. correct incorrect

He believes it is always irrational to break promises. correct incorrect

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. Which of the following best describes the free-rider problem?

Everyone would be better off if everyone refrained from pursuing self-interest. correct incorrect

People can sometimes enjoy common goods without contributing to them. correct incorrect

A person who receives welfare from the government thereby loses the incentive to work. correct incorrect

Industrious people always attract others who try to capitalize on their success. correct incorrect

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. What is the ultimate point of morality, according to contractarians?

To maximize the well-being of all sentient beings correct incorrect

To ensure that we behave in ways that are consistent and universalizable correct incorrect

To promote self-interest through mutually beneficial agreements correct incorrect

To obey God's commands correct incorrect

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. What is the term for the idea that we have agreed to obey the law simply by living where we do?

Explicit consent correct incorrect

Tacit consent correct incorrect

Lex talionis correct incorrect

Birthright citizenship correct incorrect

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. What is the conclusion of the consent argument?

It is always irrational to break the law. correct incorrect

It is sometimes rational to break the law. correct incorrect

Everyone has a duty to obey the law. correct incorrect

Many people do not have a duty to obey the law. correct incorrect

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. According to contractarianism, what fixes our basic moral duties?

Our actual agreements correct incorrect

Our tacit agreements correct incorrect

The agreements we would make if we were free, rational, and seeking cooperation correct incorrect

The principle of utility correct incorrect

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. What is Rawls's veil of ignorance thought to ensure?

The contractors will always agree among themselves correct incorrect

The agreements of the contractors will be fair correct incorrect

Both of the above correct incorrect

None of the above correct incorrect

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. Which of the following is a problem for the idea of veil of ignorance?

It is unclear why we should follow agreements made by people unlike us. correct incorrect

It renders the agreements of the contractors unfair. correct incorrect

It assures that the contractors will disagree among themselves. correct incorrect

All of the above correct incorrect

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. According to contractarianism, what motivates the contractors to select the rules they do?

A desire for revenge correct incorrect

Rational self-interest correct incorrect

Impartial benevolence correct incorrect

Selfless altruism correct incorrect

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. Which of the following are members of the moral community, according to contractarianism?

All contractors correct incorrect

Non-human animals correct incorrect

The severely mentally retarded correct incorrect

All of the above correct incorrect