Chapter 13 Self Quiz

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. What does the approach known as proceduralism claim?

All criminal trials must follow a rigorous procedure in order to be fair. correct incorrect

Ethical theorizing should begin with our deeply held moral judgments. correct incorrect

Ethical theorizing should begin by identifying a method for distinguishing right from wrong. correct incorrect

Ethical theory is an empty formality. correct incorrect

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. When is an action morally right, according to contractarianism?

When it does not break any of one's agreements correct incorrect

When it respects the rights and autonomy of others correct incorrect

When it is permitted by the rules that free, equal, and rational people would agree to correct incorrect

When it maximizes the well-being of all involved correct incorrect

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. What is the term for a situation in which everyone is made worse off when all pursue self-interest?

Paradox of hedonism correct incorrect

Prisoner's dilemma correct incorrect

Egoistic pitfall correct incorrect

Mutually assured destruction correct incorrect

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. What was Thomas Hobbes's term for a condition in which there is no government to maintain order?

The lawless condition correct incorrect

The state of nature correct incorrect

The before time correct incorrect

The state of Eden correct incorrect

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. What did Hobbes think is the only way to escape from the condition in which there is no government to maintain order?

For each person, individually, to strive to morally improve himself correct incorrect

For people to accept a religious faith correct incorrect

To mutually agree on a set of rules for social cooperation correct incorrect

Hobbes did not think such a state could be truly escaped correct incorrect

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. How do contractarians seek to justify basic moral rules?

By showing that free, equal, and rational people would agree to such rules correct incorrect

By showing that they maximize utility correct incorrect

By showing that such rules are universalizable correct incorrect

Contractarians claim that basic moral rules cannot be justified. correct incorrect

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. How does contractarianism regard the status of moral rules?

They are a matter of personal opinion. correct incorrect

They are a matter of societal convention. correct incorrect

They are objective. correct incorrect

There are no moral rules, according to contractarianism. correct incorrect

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. When is it permissible to break moral rules, according to contractarianism?

Whenever doing so is in one's self-interest correct incorrect

Whenever most others consistently fail to abide by them correct incorrect

Whenever doing so will maximize utility correct incorrect

Never correct incorrect

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. What is Rawls's veil of ignorance?

A metaphorical term for the way in which humans often fail to empathize with one another correct incorrect

A description of the tools used by governments to keep their people ignorant correct incorrect

An imaginary device for ensuring that contractors make fair choices correct incorrect

An objection to contractarianism correct incorrect

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. When does contractarianism claim that civil disobedience is justified?

Whenever a law is grossly unjust correct incorrect

Whenever it is in one's long-term self-interest correct incorrect

Always correct incorrect

Never correct incorrect