Multiple Choice Chapter 12 Self-Quiz 1

. What was at the heart of the socially transformative power of the Second Great Awakening?

a commitment to temperance and abolitionism

the message that one needed to live one's life in accordance with the gospels

the need for social prayer in order for conversion to take place

a devotion to democratic principles

. The youth of most itinerant ministers meant they were

often cowed by religious elders.

less invested in established ways of thinking.

more likely to leave the ministry for marriage.

often beholden to wealthy congregants who could support them.

. As opposed to British reformers, those in the United States often

cared less about issues of poverty.

had access to larger sources of funding.

participated in a transatlantic exchange of ideas.

went around government rather than working through it.

. What posed the greatest challenge to social reform movements?

the conservative nature of American politics and social institutions

their association with an evangelical movement that not everyone supported

women's leadership in the movement, which not everyone supported

the economic and social changes brought on by industrialization and the market economy

. Temperance reformers broadened their arguments and appeal by

dropping a commitment to banning wine in religious sacraments.

associating with the Liberty Party.

using scientific analysis and data.

getting penny press journalists to champion their cause.

. What was the key change in abolitionism during the 1830s?

a shift toward immediate abolition

the acceptance of the use of violence

the dissolution of the colonization movement

criticism of their support for slave rebellions

. What about William Lloyd Garrison frightened even some fellow abolitionists?

his commitment to violence

his support for black equality

his association with Nat Turner

his atheism

. In her writings, Margaret Fuller

demanded equality for women.

explained Shaker beliefs to a larger audience.

argued that Americans needed to focus on salvation rather than politics.

articulated a southern version of abolitionism.

. How did the women's movement in the South differ from that in the North?

it had little connection to evangelicalism

few southern women wanted to give up the benefits they accrued from southern chivalry

southern women were far more tied into a transatlantic conversation about reform

it focused on the individual rather than the societal level

. How could southern evangelicals claim both piety and respectability?

by adhering to southern notions of honor

by articulating a pro-slavery Christianity

by acting in a paternalistic manner toward one's slaves

by refusing to support reform movements

. What allowed Nat Turner to gain the respect of local whites?

his transcendentalist writings

his lay leadership in the local AME church

his skill in preaching to fellow slaves

his abilities to motivate other slaves to work harder

. How did the penny press distinguish itself from other newspapers?

it published morning and afternoon editions

it always contained evangelical stories of conversion and salvation

it was the first to carry advertising, helping defray the costs of publication

it included serialized romances and human interest crime tales

. Walden chronicles Henry David Thoreau's

work as an abolitionist.

successes as an itinerant minister.

experiences living in the woods.

escape from slavery.

. Walt Whitman's work

endorsed a rough and authentic America.

popularized European romanticism in America.

often blended travelogue and ethnography.

only reached wide audiences after his death.

. Alexis de Tocqueville believed that Americans' enthusiasm for creating associations would

eventually diminish once the country matured.

help restore the bonds that once held European societies together.

lead to a disastrous civil war.

be squelched as soon as the next major economic recession came along.

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