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Further readings
A study focusing on public opinion and the perspective of mental health and legal professionals.
Cook, Alana N. and Ronald Roesch. (August 2012). “Tough on Crime Reforms: What Psychology Has to Say about the Recent and Proposed Justice Policy in Canada” in Canadian Psychology, 53(3), pp.217–225.
A review of whether there is empirical support for the rationale of “tough on crimes” policy and the related assumption that this policy will reduce crime and better protect the public.
Flannigan, K., Pei, J., Rasmussen, C., Potts, S., &O'Riordan, T. (2018). “A Unique Response to Offenders with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Perceptions of the Alexis FASD Justice Program” in Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 60(1), 1-33.
This article describes an innovative and multidisciplinary program designed to assist individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum disorder in the courts.
Gutierrez, L., Chadwick, N., & Wanamaker, K. A. (2018). “Culturally relevant programming versus the status quo: A meta-analytic review of the effectiveness of treatment of indigenous offenders” in Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 60(3), 321-353.
This article considers the issue of the overrepresentation of Indigenous peoples in the Criminal Justice System. The authors consider the effectiveness of culturally relevant programming for Indigenous offenders.
Hodgkinson, T., & Farrell, G. (2018). “Situational crime prevention and Public Safety Canada’s crime-prevention programme” in Security Journal, 31(1), 325–342.
This article discusses the crime prevention work done by Canada’s National Crime Prevention Centre that utilizes primarily a social development approach to crime prevention. The authors propose that a more inclusive crime-prevention program that incorporates Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) strategies would produce a significant benefit to the safety of Canadians.
Lussier, P., & Mathesius, J. (2019). “Not in My Backyard: Public Sex Offender Registries and Public Notification Laws” in Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 61(1),
The authors discuss the highly controversial topic of establishing sex offenders registries as a means of crime prevention.
Ne Smith, Robert C. (2014–2015). “Tough on Crime or Tough Luck for the Incarcerated – Exploring the Adverse Psychological Impacts of Mandatory Minimum Sentencing and Pushing for Action” in Law and Psychology Review, 39, pp.253–266.
This piece analyzes the history and philosophy of mandatory minimum sentencing and the psychological impacts that these sentences have on individuals as they deal with the struggles of incarceration and the mounting structural barriers facing them upon reentry into society.
Newell, Ryan. (Winter 2013). “Making Matters Worse: The Safe Streets and Communities Act and the Ongoing Crisis of Indigenous Over-Incarceration” in Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 51(1), pp.199–249.
This article reviews the extensive literature that addresses the causes of Indigenous over-representation in the Canadian criminal justice system before assessing the impact of R v Gladue.
O’Grady, William. (2018). Crime in Canadian Context: Debates and Controversies. Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press.
This is an introduction to criminology which explores how crime is defined, measured, and controlled within a Canadian context.
Watson, T. M., Mann, R. E., Wickens, C. M., & Brands, B. (2019).“ Deterring Driving under the Influence of Cannabis: Knowledge and Beliefs of Drivers in a Remedial Program” in Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 61(3), 1–20.
The article reviews the results from 20 interviews with convicted impaired drivers participating in a remedial program. The findings indicated that the subjects had limited knowledge of drug-impaired driving laws and a perceived low likelihood of getting caught for driving under the influence of cannabis.