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Return to Technology & Society: Social Networks, Power, and Inequality 3e Student Resources
Chapter 5 Practice Quiz
The Adoption and Diffusion of Technological Innovations
Quiz Content
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The most influential researcher in the diffusion of innovations literature is ________, a rural sociologist who wrote
The Diffusion of Innovations
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Diamond
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Dvorak
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Rogers
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Nelida
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One of the main criticisms of early models of the diffusion of innovations was that ________.
they posited that diffusion was not solely a matter of technological superiority
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they did not consider the social capital of the innovators
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they failed to take into account the influence of early adopters and their cultural norms
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they focused too much on the machine as tool
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Pottery has several independent origins of invention throughout history because ________.
of the sophistication of design involved
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creating pottery involves the handling of a raw material, in this case clay
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it requires the integration of various domains of knowledge with technical skills
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every society that makes pottery learned the procedure from another region
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The first few centuries of Japan's relationship with guns are a good example of ________.
ease of invention
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technological regression
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interconnectedness
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interrelatedness
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For Rogers, the concepts of uncertainty and ________ are central to the diffusion process.
cost
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information
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superiority
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marketing
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The innovation-decision process occurs in this order: ________.
knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation
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persuasion, knowledge, implementation, decision, and confirmation
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persuasion, knowledge, decision, implementation, and confirmation
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knowledge, decision, persuasion, implementation, and confirmation
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When deciding on whether or not to adopt an innovation, people are strongly influenced by ________.
the success of the ad campaign associated with the innovation
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the adoption rate of elites
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information about the innovation received from communications channels
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the percentage of gatekeepers who are in their social sphere
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Fitbits and similar tracking tools have become very trendy. In a study of the effects of trackers on weight loss, the key finding was:
neither those with trackers nor a control group with no trackers lost weight
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those with trackers and a control group with no trackers lost equal weight
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those with trackers lost less weight than a control group with no trackers
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those with trackers lost more weight than a control group with no trackers
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________ describes the level of proficiency needed to comprehend the workings of an innovation and its ease of use.
complexity
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skillset
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comprehendability
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compatibility
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Observability provides potential adopters with the possibility ________.
to gather evidence about an innovation's value and potential risk through prior experience
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to observe and discuss an innovation
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to gain a greater understand of the impact of this device on those who are less fortunate
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to change the way the innovation is designed
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The most common form of communication employed about an innovation, and not as effective as other communication channels, is ________.
social group
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mass media
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interpersonal dialogues
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socio-technical dialog
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One type of knowledge not relevant to the knowledge stage of the innovation-decision process is ________.
practical knowledge
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awareness knowledge
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principle knowledge
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how-to knowledge
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During the persuasion stage, many potential adopters decide to ________.
reject the innovation
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test the innovation for a while
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adopt the innovation
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seek out information about the innovation
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An example of "trial by others" would be ________.
lending your copy of a new videogame to a friend to see what she thinks of it
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giving your mom your old smartphone
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asking your friend how she likes her new smartphone
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buying your friend a new iPad Pro so she can test it out
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If researchers do not consider discontinuance, conclusions about acceptance rates of an innovation may be ________.
overestimated
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underestimated
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grossly underestimated
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There would be no effect on conclusions.
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AI assistants such as Alexa are becoming more widely used in homes. One aspect of their adoption and diffusion that is considered a potential drawback is ________.
how Alexa can replace human-to-human contact
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how Alexa can make the use of other tools unnecessary
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how Alexa can facilitate for surveillance and monitoring of users
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how Alexa can replace the telephone
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An adopter who acts as an interconnector is likely to be a part of this adopter group: _______.
early adopters
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early majority
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late majority
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innovator
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The very first adopters of a new innovation are called ________.
innovators
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early adopters
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opinion brokers
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early innovators
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Laggards are characterized as ________.
traditional individuals
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last in a social system to adopt an innovation
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often isolated or more locally oriented
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all of the above
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Many recent technologies, such as the Segway, have been rejected primarily because of factors such as cost, incompatibility with other accepted technologies, or ________.
perceived lack of usefulness
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cost of medical insurance
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restrictive shipping conditions
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extreme danger
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When an individual decides to start using an innovation to achieve a specific goal, this is referred to as "diffusion."
True
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False
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According to Diamond, innovations are rarely developed locally.
True
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False
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A society's likelihood to adopt a new technology depends largely on where they are geographically located and how well-connected they are to neighbouring social groups.
True
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False
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The early adopter group is the largest category in Rogers' model of the diffusion of innovations.
True
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False
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Information is not relevant to the success or failure of a new technology.
True
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False
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Rogers diffusion of innovations theory is detailed at the individual level, but it falls short when it describes the innovation-decision process within organizations.
True
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False
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The diffusion of an innovation primarily depends on one factor, namely the superiority of the innovation in comparison to an existing innovation.
True
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False
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Superclusters are innovations made of many technological components that all work together.
True
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False
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Complexity describes the level of proficiency needed to comprehend the workings of a technology and its ease of use.
True
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False
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One of the reasons that interpersonal channels are more effective is that a large number of individuals are not exposed to the mass media and/or are less interested in technology.
True
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False
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Research in the diffusion of innovations is very similar to other areas of research in the social sciences in terms of its emphasis on time.
True
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False
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During the persuasion stage of the innovation-decision process, potential adopters seek out information in a very active manner.
True
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False
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The diffusion of technological innovation is a linear, rational process.
True
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False
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The individuals who are in the early majority adopter group play an important gatekeeping role in the diffusion of innovations process.
True
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False
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Analysts pay a lot of attention to their early adopters because they understand that having critical mass is central to the adoption of any innovation.
True
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False
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