Chapter 4 Quiz

. Which of the following statements about cochlear implants is false?

Implants are inserted into the cochlea via the round window.

An implant delivers tonotopically-organized electrical stimuli to the basilar membrane.

The device usually contains between 1000 and 5000 stimulating electrodes to provide a high-bandwidth signal.

Although the surgery is delicate, it is now fairly routine for appropriate patients.

Candidates for the procedure include individuals with profound hearing loss in both ears due to hair cell damage.

. The perception of tone occurs when

air vibrations are strongly periodic.

air vibrations are aperiodic.

there is no resonance.

more than three frequencies are generated.

we hear most natural sounds.

. Decibels are the measure of a sound's

frequency.

amplitude.

harmonic series.

waveform.

resonance.

. Human hearing occurs

as high as 200,000 Hz.

between 20,000 and 100,000 Hz.

below 20 Hz.

between 20 and 20,000 Hz.

between 20 and 1,000 Hz.

. The neural effects of hearing occur in the

external ear.

middle ear.

pinna.

inner ear.

concha.

. Which of the following is the first to receive sound information?

Oval window

Round window

Tympanic membrane

Cochlea

Hair cells

. Auditory hair cells are found in the

tectorial membrane.

semicircular canals.

external auditory meatus.

spiral ganglion.

basilar membrane.

. The order of bones that transmit sound information from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea is

incus, malleus, stapes.

stapes, incus, malleus.

malleus, stapes, incus.

malleus, incus, stapes.

incus, stapes, malleus.

. Transduction of sound occurs by

the movement of stereocilia embedded in the tectorial membrane.

fluid moving the tectorial membrane.

the stapes vibrating on axons of spiral ganglion neurons.

vibrations of the round window.

the firing of spiral ganglion neurons.

. Which of the following is true of tonotopic organization?

High frequencies are detected closest to the round window.

Low frequencies are detected closest to the oval window.

Tonotopic organization occurs in the entire auditory pathway from the cochlea to the primary auditory cortex.

All of the above

None of the above

. The first stage of central auditory processing in the brain occurs in the

cochlea.

inferior colliculus.

superior olivary complex.

medial geniculate nucleus.

cochlear nucleus in the rostral medulla.

. Which of the following is not a perceived quality of sound?

Loudness

Depth

Pitch

Timbre

Sound intensity

. The simultaneous presence of different tones may be perceived as

rhythm.

tempo.

meter.

melody.

harmony.

. Our perception of normal-sounding voices over the telephone, where low frequencies are cut out, is best described as

hearing the missing fundamental.

sensitivity to the lowest harmonic.

pitch shift of the residue.

amplified acoustic feedback.

diminished acoustic feedback.

. Localization of sound occurs by

interaural time diferences with frequencies above 3 kHz.

interaural time diferences with frequencies below 3 kHz.

interaural intensity diferences with frequencies below 3 kHz.

interaural intensity diferences between 1 and 5 kHz.

the same mechanism for all frequencies.

. Which of the following is not involved with sensory reception in the cutaneous/subcutaneous system?

Free nerve endings

Pacinian corpuscles

Ruffini endings

Meissner corpuscles

Hair cells

. Which of the following is true of the somatosensory system that is not associated with processing pain?

Information crosses at the level it enters the spinal cord.

Receptor cell axons make their first synapse in the caudal medulla.

Receptor cell axons make their first synapse in the rostral medulla.

Information is first processed in the primary somatosensory cortex before reaching the thalamus.

Information travels in the spinothalamic tract.

. Which of the following is true of the somatosensory system that is associated with processing pain?

Information crosses at the level it enters the spinal cord.

Receptor cell axons make their first synapse in the spinal cord.

Information travels in the spinothalamic tract.

Information is processed in the thalamus before reaching the cortex.

All of the above

. Which is true of phantom sensations?

They only occur for pain.

They only occur with limb amputation.

They suggest that central processing areas for somatosensation play an active role in somatosensory perception.

They do not occur in children born without limbs.

They usually disappear completely during an amputee's life.

. The placebo effect

is a physiological response to pharmacologically active chemicals.

appears to be mediated by opiate receptors.

prevents patients from feeling pain.

is not affected by naloxone.

can be visualized using fMRI when opioid antagonists are given.

. Which is true of the olfactory system?

It is used to detect chemicals classified as irritants.

The olfactory pathway goes from olfactory neurons to glomeruli in the pyriform cortex.

Receptor neurons with the same receptor proteins project to the same glomeruli.

There are a limited number of receptor proteins (<50) present on olfactory receptor neurons.

Human pheromones desynchronize women's menstrual cycles.

. Taste perceptions

are dictated by receptors found in only one part of the tongue.

include salty, bitter, sour, and sweet.

are mediated by two different cranial nerves.

are due to projections from the tongue directly to the thalamus.

are mediated by projections from the gustatory cortex to the amygdala.

. The "hot" sensation of chili peppers is mediated by

cranial nerve VII.

the olfactory system.

the gustatory system.

cranial nerve V.

taste buds.

. Sensory systems

are capable of plasticity.

appear to mostly use labeled line processing.

only process information that we are perceive.

individual neurons respond to single stimulus attributes.

All of the above

Chapter 4 Quiz

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