Chapter 11 Quiz

. People with autism

have central coherence.

tend to analyze problems and construct knowledge by applying rigid rules.

can emphasize with other people but can not follow their eye gaze.

show normal activation of the amygdala but not the fusiform gyrus.

have normal neuronal wiring patterns as adults.

. Humans appear unique in that we

are the only animals that pass the mark test.

can navigate in our environment using either egocentric or allocentric frames of reference.

have directional neurons in our brains.

have the ability to think of oneself in abstract and symbolic terms.

recognize ourselves in a mirror.

. Spontaneous, coordinated activity that occurs with self-reflection occurs in the

dorsal prefrontal cortex.

lateral parietal cortex.

cingulate gyrus.

ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

All of the above

. Which structure signals awareness of bodily sensations?

Anterior insula

Medial prefrontal cortex

Posterior parietal cortex

Dorsal prefrontal cortex

Occipital cortex

. Processing of facial information

begins in the amygdala.

is confined to the visual system.

involves the processing of eye gaze, expression, and lip movement by the superior temporal sulcus.

occurs in a dorsal pathway where facial recognition occurs.

occurs in limbic system structures but not the hippocampus.

. Activity in the superior temporal sulcus increases with

any motion.

any motion in a deaf person who knows sign language.

goal-directed movements.

expected congruence between facial gestures and gestures.

any hand gesture.

. Use of body gestures and facial and vocal expressions of others to determine how to deal with an ambiguous or novel situation is called

joint attention.

expectancy violation.

embodiment.

body cuing.

social referencing.

. Joint attention has been used by primates to

learn how to appropriately behave in particular situations.

indicate where an individual is not paying attention.

direct the actions of an infant.

deceive by presenting misleading displays to others and then directing their own actions elsewhere.

communicate to children whether approach or withdrawal behavior is appropriate in a given context.

. Which of the following is not a function of social categorization?

Understanding religion

Defending territories from invaders

Identifying kin

Selecting mates

All of the above

. Which of the following is true of brain imaging and racism?

Brain imaging has shown which brain regions cause racism.

Brain imaging is correlational, so brain activity that reflects racism is only suggestive at best.

Brain imaging has shown that Caucasians fear all African Americans.

Brain imaging has shown that Caucasians only fear African Americans they don't know.

Brain imaging can definitively indicate whether an individual is racially biased.

. The Implicit Association Test

was developed to measure use measure racism in Caucasians.

shows that racist Caucasians have increased prefrontal cortex activity.

shows that people have less difficulty associating African American faces with tools than with weapons.

proves that racism is the cause for differences in reaction times measured.

can assess attitudes toward social groups based on sexual orientation, age, or political affiliation.

. Which structure shows increased activity when shown faces deemed untrustworthy?

Insula

Orbitofrontal cortex

Medial prefrontal cortex

Caudate nucleus

Hippocampus

. Trustworthiness is

reported more after looking at a face longer than a second.

unaffected by facial attractiveness.

reflected by decreased activity in the medial prefrontal cortex.

reported more for untrustworthy faces in people with bilateral amygdala lesions.

mediated by increased activity in the insula.

. Theory of mind involves the ability to

attribute the feelings of others as being the same as one's own feelings.

assume that others are agents motivated to behave in a way that is consistent with their current mental state, as long as they are same as one's own mental state.

infer mental states in others.

use mirror neurons to copy non-goal-directed biological actions.

All of the above

. Which of the following is true of mirror neurons?

They are only described in humans.

They are only found in the inferior frontal gyrus of monkeys.

They have been found in the superior temporal sulcus of monkeys.

They have been shown to be defective in people with autism.

Their existence in humans is only suggested by fMRI studies.

. Which of the following is not implicated in taking the perspective of others and inferring their mental states?

Paracingulate cortex

Amygdala

Superior temporal sulcus

Right inferior parietal cortex

Temporal polar cortex

. Understanding the false beliefs of others

has been demonstrated in children under 3 years old.

has been demonstrated in chimpanzees.

has been demonstrated in autistic people.

can be demonstrated by location-change tasks.

cannot be demonstrated by unexpected-contents tasks.

. Sympathy

is feeling concern for someone but not actually feeling the same emotion as that person.

is sharing someone's feelings.

involves emotion sharing.

involves self-awareness.

involves mental flexibility.

. Which of the following is not implicated in mental flexibility?

Superior temporal sulcus

Temporal polar cortex

Medial prefrontal cortex

Anterior insula

Temporoparietal junction

. When men with high power motivation win challenges, they have increased

dopamine release.

release of testosterone.

tendencies for alcohol use and sexual activity.

tendencies to take on more challenges.

All of the above

Chapter 11 Quiz

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