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Return to Psychopharmacology 3e Student Resources
Psychopharmacology 3e Chapter 8 Outline
Glutamate and GABA
Glutamate
Glutamate Synthesis, Release, and Inactivation
Neurons generate glutamate from the precursor glutamine
Glutamate packaging into vesicles and uptake after release are mediated by multiple transport systems
Organization and Function of the Glutamatergic System
Glutamate is the neurotransmitter used in many excitatory pathways in the brain
Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors mediate the synaptic effects of glutamate
Box 8.1 Clinical Applications
Fragile X Syndrome and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists: A Contemporary Saga of Translational Medicine
AMPA and NMDA receptors play a key role in learning and memory
High levels of glutamate can be toxic to nerve cells
GABA
GABA Synthesis, Release, and Inactivation
GABA is synthesized by the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase
GABA packaging into vesicles and uptake after release are mediated by specific transporter proteins
GABA is coreleased with several other classical neurotransmitters
Organization and Function of the GABAergic System
Some GABAergic neurons are interneurons, while others are projection neurons
The actions of GABA are primarily mediated by ionotropic GABA
A
receptors
Box 8.2 Clinical Applications
GABA and Epilepsy
GABA also signals using metabotropic GABA
B
receptors
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