* not completed

. The water content (as a percentage of total body mass) of an adult human male is:

The same as that of a newborn baby correct incorrect

Slightly less than that of an adult female correct incorrect

Around 60% total body weight correct incorrect

Is mainly due to the volume of the blood correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following statements regarding the extracellular fluid is correct?:

It accounts for the largest proportion of total body water correct incorrect

It is hypotonic with respect to the intracellular fluid correct incorrect

It contains around 140 mmol l-1 of sodium ions correct incorrect

It has the exactly the same composition as the plasma correct incorrect

* not completed

. A subject with a body weight of 65 kg was injected with 10 ml of a 1% (w/v) solution of Evans Blue. After 10 min, the blood was sampled and found to contain 0.037 mg/ml of the dye. What is the plasma volume?

2.70 litres correct incorrect

0.39 litres correct incorrect

3.9 litres correct incorrect

5 litres correct incorrect

* not completed

. Diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of which of the following?

Glucagon correct incorrect

Vasopressin correct incorrect

Insulin correct incorrect

Aldosterone correct incorrect

* not completed

. A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) can result in severe dehydration

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Total body sodium is the principal determinant of the effective circulating volume.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

* not completed

. The effective circulating volume (ECV) is detected by the arterial baroreceptors.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Oedema may be caused by malnutrition

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

* not completed

. Oedema can always be treated with a diuretic drug.

True correct incorrect

False correct incorrect

* not completed

. A healthy 35 year old woman has lost about 500 ml of blood over a short period of time. Which of the following statements regarding her condition are likely to be correct? Please select all that apply.

Her systolic blood pressure will be near normal correct incorrect

Her heart rate will be about 70 beats min^-1 correct incorrect

Cardiac output will be maintained correct incorrect

Her skin will be pink and warm correct incorrect

* not completed

. A 60 year old man has lost about 2000 ml of blood over a few hours from a gastrointestinal bleed. Which of the following statements regarding his condition are likely to be correct? Please select all that apply.

His systolic blood pressure will be near normal correct incorrect

He may have a tachycardia (heart rate above 100 beats min^-1) correct incorrect

Cardiac output will be maintained correct incorrect

His skin will be cold and clammy correct incorrect

Blood haemoglobin will be less than 10 g dl^-1. correct incorrect

His urine output will be very low correct incorrect