Self-test questions: Chapter 30

. Which of the following statements concerning the arterial blood pressure is correct?

It is normally around 120/80 mm Hg (16/10.6 kPa)

It depends solely on the cardiac output.

It is the arithmetic average of the systolic and diastolic pressures.

It is due to the vascular resistance of the capillaries.

. Which of the following statements concerning the control of the vasculature is correct?

Autoregulation refers to the nervous control of the blood vessels

Reactive hyperaemia is due to vasodilatation caused by the accumulation of metabolites during a period of exercise.

Parasympathetic vasodilator fibres innervate the blood vessels of the exocrine glands of the gastro-intestinal tract.

The diameter of the arterioles is entirely regulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction in the viscera and skin but vasodilatation in skeletal muscle. True or false?

True

False

. Which of the following statements concerning the nervous regulation of the circulation is correct?

The baroreceptors are mainly responsible for the long-term regulation of systemic blood pressure.

If the arterial pressure suddenly falls the baroreceptor reflex increases the heart rate.

The baroreceptors are found in the aortic and carotid bodies

The coronary blood flow is regulated by the cardiac volume receptors.

. Which of the following statements regarding hypertension are correct?

Hypertension is characterised by a persistent arterial blood pressure in excess of 140/90 mm Hg

Hypertension can be treated with calcium channel blockers such as verapamil

In hypertensive individuals the wall thickness of the arterioles increases and leads to narrowing of the lumen.

Hypertension associated with another medical condition is called primary hypertension

. Which of the following statements regarding hypertension are true?

A systolic blood pressure of less than 130 mm Hg in a healthy young adult is normal.

Grade 2 hypertension is characterized by a diastolic pressure of 100-109 mm Hg and a systolic pressure of 160-170 mm Hg.

A blood pressure of 135/95 mm Hg would be considered borderline hypertensive

The rise in blood pressure seen in hypertension is mainly caused by an increase in cardiac output.

A systolic and diastolic pressure generally rise with age

Hypertension seen in renal disease is classified as primary hypertension

. If the systolic and diastolic arterial pressures are 120 and 60 mm Hg, the mean arterial pressure is 90 mm Hg.

True

False

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