“Skepticism about Knowledge of the External World: For and Against” Self-Quiz

. As Graham defines it, the external world consists of

everything beyond the earth.

everything that is knowable.

everything outside one's conscious mind.

everything physical.

. Which requirement for knowledge do skeptical arguments target?

Truth.

Belief.

Certainty.

Justification.

. In Graham's terminology, the strategy of refuting skepticism involves

showing that the real world hypothesis is true.

showing that the real world hypothesis is a better explanation of our evidence than skeptical hypotheses.

showing that the best explanation standard is incorrect.

showing that skeptical hypotheses are better explanations of our evidence than the real world hypothesis.

. According to Bertrand Russell, the real world hypothesis is better than skeptical hypotheses because

the real world hypothesis is true.

God exists and would not allow us to be so massively deceived.

the real world hypothesis is simpler.

skeptical hypotheses are incredibly far-fetched.

. According to J.L Austin, the best explanation standard is incorrect because

we only need to consider relevant alternative explanations.

it does not specify what makes one explanation better or worse than another.

sometimes the best explanations are false.

young children can't explain their evidence but still have knowledge.

. The skeptic argues that skeptical hypotheses are better explanations of our evidence than the real world hypothesis.

True

False

. The skeptic rejects the best explanation standard.

True

False

. The strategy of undermining skepticism requires showing that the best explanation standard is incorrect.

True

False

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