Practice Quiz Chapter 14

. Journalism has long considered itself the main conduit of political information for the public and therefore key to __________ processes.

social

ethical

educational

democratic

. __________ are short, catchy utterances designed to capture media attention.

Sound bites

Advertorials

Frames

Memes

. Digital media can also facilitate physical gatherings, dubbed __________ by Howard Rheingold.

astroturf campaigns

trial balloons

smart mobs

media oligarchies

. According to Kathleen Hall Jamieson, negative political advertising can promote __________.

greater campaign donations for the candidate being attacked

an expansion of the constituency that supports the candidate making the negative charges

falsehoods and false inferences

apathy about the electoral process

. A(n) __________ is a media item of cultural interest that spreads through repetition and replication via the Internet.

meme

echo effect

news leak

pseudo-event

. Viewers thought John F. Kennedy won the first televised debate between him and Richard M. Nixon. Who did radio listeners think won?

Kennedy

Nixon

Neither: listeners thought it was a draw.

The debate moderator

. A news leak differs from a trial balloon in that a news leak is used __________.

to provide secret information to journalists

in everyday situations, whereas trial balloons are used just for trials

only for corporate situations, not government situations

only in stories involving international affairs

. Pew found that over half of the public got their news on the 2016 presidential election from social media sites, with __________ being the most popular platform.

Instagram

Twitter

Facebook

Snapchat

. The money candidates need to run for national or even state offices is so great partly because of the cost of __________.

political advertising

security details

campaign travel

campaign headquarters

. An independent expenditure-only committee is also called a __________.

PAC

Super PAC

WAC

Super WAC