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Scanlon's conceives of contractualism as a general theory that covers all aspects of morality.

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For Scanlon, the terms "rational" and "reasonable" are not interchangeable.

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A central feature of contractualism is that the justifiability of a moral principle depends on various individuals' reasons for objecting to it and its alternatives.

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When it assesses principles, contractualism does not aggregate individual harms and benefits.

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According to Scanlon, contractualism cannot accept a principle requiring us to save the larger of two groups of people from serious injury in situations where only one can be saved.

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