Practice Quiz Chapter 01

. What are datasets?

a) Spreadsheets

b) A collection of data or information

c) Software for analyzing statistics

d) Formulas for calculating values

e) A type of hard drive specific to social statistics

. What is the process of quantification?

a) Translating something into a number

b) Undertaking quantitative analysis

c) Checking the quality of numerical information

d) Counting the number of variables in a research project

e) Selecting a certain number of variables for further analysis

. What do variables capture?

a) Constants

b) Statistical concepts

c) Attributes that do not change

d) Characteristics that vary across peoples, households, space, and time

e) Levels of measurements

. What do categorical variables divide cases into?

a) Values

b) Dependent variables

c) Numbers that are continuous

d) Whole numbers

e) Groups or categories

. You are measuring the average income of students in your class. What level of measurement is this variable?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Ordinal

d) Ratio

e) Attitudinal

. You are measuring the gender composition of the students in your class. What level of measurement is the variable gender?

a) Interval

b) Nominal

c) Ordinal

d) Ratio

e) Attitudinal

. You are measuring how often students on campus use the local food bank with frequencies ranging from never, to rarely, to sometimes too often. What level of measurement is this variable?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Ordinal

d) Ratio

e) Attitudinal

. A researcher is studying the relationship between education and poverty to see if education level affects an individual's income level. What kind of variable is education?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Independent

d) Dependent

e) Count

. A researcher is studying the relationship between education and poverty to see if education level affects an individual's income level. What kind of variable is an individual's income level?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Independent

d) Dependent

e) Count

. You are measuring how often low-income students on campus volunteer at the local food bank. What type of variable is an individual's income level?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Independent

d) Dependent

e) Categorical

. You are measuring how often low-income students on campus volunteer at the local food bank. What type of variable is an individual's volunteer effort?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Independent

d) Dependent

e) Categorical

. What level of measurement is the variable marital status with the attributes single, married or common law, divorced or separated, or widowed?

a) Dichotomous

b) Nominal

c) Independent

d) Dependent

e) Action

. What does the unit of analysis refer to?

a) Calculations for inferential statistics

b) Basic unit that researchers treat as a single case in the analysis

c) Analytical sectors in which researchers store their data

d) Statistical units of measurements researchers use to organize their data

e) Units of statistics researchers discard when no longer useful

. What two branches are statistical analyses conceptually divided into?

a) Descriptive and inferential

b) Distribution and intuition

c) Definitive and inconsequential

d) Interference and definition

e) Populations and samples

. What is a main use of descriptive statistics?

a) To make claims about a population

b) To analyze the source of statistical data

c) To collect data for future use

d) To build samples from populations

e) To condense information so it can be easily conveyed to others

. What is a main use of inferential statistics?

a) To make claims about a sample

b) To analyze the source of statistical data

c) To summarize data in a full and complete way

d) To condense information so it can be easily conveyed to others

e) To make claims about a population based on data collected from a sample

. What is a population for the purposes of statistical analysis?

a) A whole group the researcher is interested in studying or making claims about

b) A group selected from the public for future analysis

c) People who do not undertake statistical analysis

d) A sector of condensed information for future analysis

e) People who volunteer for future statistical analysis

. What is a sample for the purposes of statistical analysis?

a) A whole group the researcher is interested in studying or making claims about

b) A group selected from the larger population for future analysis and data collection

c) People who undertake statistical analysis

d) A sector of condensed information for future analysis

e) A large group of people who volunteer for future data collection

. What are the four parts of a statistic-commentary paragraph?

a) Data commentary, date consolidation, theoretical proofs, and data synthesis

b) Data commentary, data orientation, statistical analysis, and data adherence

c) Analytic point, orienting information, statistical results and an analytical commentary

d) Orienting information, data synthesis, statistical collection, and statistical consolidation

e) Data synthesis, data orientation, data collection and statistical analysis

. What are the three ways in which researchers measure poverty in Canada?

a) Low-income cut-off, an internationally comparable cut-off line, and market-based measure

b) Inequality concept, poverty measure, and analytic point

c) Orienting information, statistical results, and an analytical commentary

d) Orienting information, data synthesis, and statistical collection

e) Data synthesis, data orientation, and data collection

. The word statistic comes from the German word "statistik. "

a) True

b) False

. A survey that collects information from every person in a population is called a census.

a) True

b) False

. A gender wage gap does not exist in Canada.

a) True

b) False

. Empirical research relies on direct observations of the world to generate knowledge.

a) True

b) False

. Empirical research does not rely on aggregating data.

a) True

b) False

. Data analysis involves looking for patterns and trends in information that has been collected.

a) True

b) False

. An independent variable captures the characteristic that is considered the effect or result.

a) True

b) False

. Attributes capture the potential range of variation within a single variable.

a) True

b) False

. Categorical variables represent a category of continuous variables.

a) True

b) False

. Continuous variables do not have an infinite number of attributes.

a) True

b) False

. When the attributes of a variable divide cases into groups or categories, they are turned into numbers for further analysis.

a) True

b) False

. When the attributes of a variable capture a quantity or an amount, the number representing that amount becomes the value.

a) True

b) False

. A variable's level of measurement is determined by its attributes.

a) True

b) False

. The attributes of nominal-level variables divide cases into categories and these categories have an inherent order.

a) True

b) False

. The variable "type of dwelling" with the attributes detached house, semi-detached house, townhouse, apartment or condominium, or other type of dwelling is at the ordinal-level of measurement.

a) True

b) False

. Missing values refer to attributes that are not useful in statistical analysis.

a) True

b) False

. Inferential statistics is a branch of descriptive statistics.

a) True

b) False

. The unit of analysis refers to what or who is in each of the cases that a researcher is analyzing.

a) True

b) False

. Inferential statistics are used to make claims about a population.

a) True

b) False

. Descriptive statistics use a sample to make estimates about populations.

a) True

b) False

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