Chapter 16 Self-Quiz

1. In the Aristotle-Ptolemy-Dante picture of the world,

heaven is understood to be quite literally up above us.

space is thought to be infinite.

the sun is located in the very center of the created universe.

human beings are thought to be insignificant in comparison with the glories of the celestial bodies.

2. Renaissance humanists

intensify the otherworldliness embedded in medieval culture by emphasizing that human perfection is possible only in the life to come.

see clearly that a good human life, as represented in the classics, is incompatible with Christianity.

celebrate the human being as the central fact in all the created world.

tend to be pessimistic about humanity's prospects.

3. Martin Luther

speaks of man as "maker and molder" of himself.

upholds the Church as the legitimate interpreter of Scripture, lest chaos result from individual opinions.

leaves the Church, resigning his priesthood in disgust over the selling of indulgences.

stresses the grace of God and the inability of human beings to save themselves.

4. In defending the theology of Sebond, Montaigne

shows that Sebond's arguments are superior to the arguments of those who criticized him.

makes use of Plato's Forms to show that God is knowable to us.

relies on Aristotle as the authority who showed us how to avoid infinite regress problems.

says only that Sebond's arguments are as solid and firm as any.

5. The new science

seems to require a distinction between primary and secondary qualities.

shows how final causes actually work.

puts the sun in the center of the universe.

finally solves the old philosophical problems about knowledge.

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