Chapter 15 Quiz

. What did John Dennett find when he visited a Freedmen's Bureau court?

A court determined to subjugate African Americans

An out-of-control scene tinged with violence

A variety of cases focused on labor relations

All of the above

. The Banks Plan included all of the following except

putting freedpeople back to work as quickly as possible.

requiring freedpeople to live on separate plantations from former owners.

requiring African Americans to sign year-long contracts, often with former owners.

stopping the flow of African American refugees to Union supply lines.

. Lincoln's "Ten Per Cent Plan" did all of the following except

gave amnesty to all who swore an oath of loyalty to the Union.

required ten percent of a state's population declare loyalty in order to organize a new state constitution.

required that Confederate states abolish slavery.

required that ten percent of a state's constitutional convention be comprised of Confederate veterans.

. Special Field Order No. 15

was issued by General Sherman to alleviate African American poverty in the Sea Island region.

guaranteed freedom to all enslaved people who gave food and provisions to Union soldiers.

was the official act of Confederate surrender.

established the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.

. Among other things, the Freedmen's Bureau

supervised elections in the South.

enforced a strict sharecropping structure throughout the South.

helped distribute confiscated land to loyal refugees and freedpeople and regulated labor contracts between freedpeople and planters.

oversaw implementation of the Civil Rights Act of 1865 and the Fourteenth Amendment.

. President Johnson's failed attempt at Reconstruction required that Confederate states

abolish slavery via the Thirteenth Amendment, nullify secession ordinances, and repudiate war debts.

accept Lincoln's "Ten Per Cent Plan," as well as extra provisions.

redraw state borders to erase old loyalties.

repudiate their declarations of war and secession and grant limited civil rights to freedpeople.

. How do the Black Codes reflect the context of the political economy of the post-Civil War era?

They created the biracial structure of American society.

They reinforced the contemporary concept that no state or individual was required to provide land for freedpeople.

They encouraged some freedpeople to anticipate a brighter future because they could be trained for skilled crafts as apprentices.

The labor contracts they required guaranteed that freedpeople would be paid in cash or crops.

. Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866. His action prompted Congress to propose

the impeachment of the President.

the Civil Rights Act of 1867.

emergency funding for the Freedmen's Bureau.

the Fourteenth Amendment.

. The Fourteenth Amendment granted

African Americans the right to vote.

citizenship to American males regardless of race.

citizenship to those born in American territories regardless of race.

citizenship to women and African Americans.

. The 1866–67 shift in the Republican Party from moderate to radical occurred because

moderates realized by 1866 that the President seemed intent on undermining any Reconstruction policy that included civil rights for Blacks.

Johnson undertook an extensive campaign tour in 1866 during which he maligned the reputations of all Republican congresspeople.

Johnson's plan made it possible for prewar southern political leaders to return to their seats in local and national legislatures.

All of the above

. The combination of credit available largely through merchants and landowners and increased railroad service

made it easier for the South to diversify its economic base.

pushed small farmers away from subsistence farming and towards cash crops.

made it easier for small farmers to buy modern farm equipment.

helped African Americans become independent farmers.

. In the Reconstruction South, the Ku Klux Klan

operated as a paramilitary force serving the Democratic party.

was one of many secretive organizations dedicated to white supremacy.

used violence.

All of the above

. The issue of Black voting

separated those who saw African Americans' political rights as more important than women's rights.

divided abolitionists and feminists who had long been allies in the emancipation struggle.

divided feminists.

All of the above

. Reconstruction finally ended when

electoral violence corrupted the 1876 election.

southerners demanded the removal of federal troops before they would ratify the Fifteenth Amendment.

it was proved that northern congressional representatives were taking bribes for votes.

All of the above

. Regarding the election of 1876,

Democrat Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote.

Republican-controlled Congress chose to interpret voting irregularities in several southern states so that the Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes won those electoral votes.

Republican Hayes was elected president of the United States.

All of the above

. What happened after "Custer's Last Stand"?

Native American tribes were broken and beaten one by one.

Native Americans gained the upper hand in the war against the government.

Native Americans vanished from North American soil.

Native Americans immediately assimilated into white culture.

. What did the Dawes Severalty Act do?

Created a federal bureau to provide Native Americans with jobs

Broke up reservation land and distributed it among individual families

Reserved a large portion of the Pacific Northwest for Native American reservations

None of the above

. What became the "fashion" in the Grant administration?

Repealing the Fourteenth Amendment

Trust-busting

Corruption

None of the above

. Which of the following best describes the economic New South?

The economy diversified and broke cash crops' hold on the economy.

Wage labor brought widespread prosperity to southern African Americans.

It opened the South to northern industries, but cash crops still reigned supreme.

All of the above

. How did America's foreign policy change during Reconstruction?

The United States pursued a limited empire that included annexing Cuba.

The United States pursued a comprehensive empire.

The United States became a fully isolationist nation.

Manifest destiny became a tainted concept.

. The Fifteenth Amendment

gave the right to vote to any American twenty-one years of age or older.

gave the right to vote to all adult African Americans.

prohibited state governments from using literacy tests to prevent undereducated and specifically, Black people, from voting.

forbade states to deny any citizen the right to vote on the grounds of race, ethnicity, or previous status as an enslaved person.

. The Wade-Davis Bill of 1864 provided that

ten percent of a southern state's adult white males had to swear an oath of allegiance to the Union.

former Confederates could not vote or hold elected office.

a majority of a southern state's adult white males had to swear an oath of allegiance to the Union.

owners' rights to property would be protected.

.

White men hide behind a fence and fire at a group of negros who walk. Some of the negros lie dead on the ground. Some of them shake their bodies in pain.

Reconstruction Violence. Which of the following figures would have been most likely to urge Congress to take action to deter such violence?

Andrew Johnson

Thaddeus Stevens

Robert E. Lee

George Custer

. Immediately following the Civil War, several different labor arrangements were experimented with.

True

False

. Lincoln's "Ten Per Cent Plan" stipulated that African Americans were guaranteed the right to vote.

True

False

. Forming legal marriages, establishing Black schools, and owning land were important to freed African Americans. The most important of those freedoms was owning land.

True

False

. When President Johnson took office in April 1865, it was not clear whether he or Congress would control Reconstruction.

True

False

. President Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866. The Republican Congress overrode Johnson's veto.

True

False

. The strongest power in labor contracts that freedpeople had was the shortage of labor in the South.

True

False

.

Map of the Overland Trails. Boston Post Road is across Boston, Plymouth, and Providence. Great Genesee road is from Albany towards the west up to Lake Erie. Pennsylvania road is across Philadelphia and Pittsburg. Chicago T p k is from Chicago to Detroit. Forbes road is from Pittsburg towards the west. Valley Road is from west of Baltimore down south. It continues as the Great Trading Path. The Great Trading Path divides into Nashville Road and Natchez Trace. Natchez Trace reaches Natchez and then continues as El Camino Real to San Antonio. The Upper Emigrant Trail is from San Antonio to El Paso. Scioto Trail is from National Road up towards Lake Erie. Mormon Trail is far north of Fort Leavenworth. Pony Express and Overland Stage is towards west from Fort Leavenworth. Bozeman Trail north of Pont Express moves towards Bozeman. Overland Stage moves towards Fort Bridger. Oregon Trail is from Fort Hall to Fort Vancouver. There is another Trail from Fort Crittenden to Sutter's Fort. The Los Angeles Salt Lake Trail is from Salt Lake to Los Angeles. Old Spanish Trail is near Colorado. Taos Trail is from Bent's Fort towards the west.

Map 15-4: The Overland Trail. This map illustrates how manifest destiny continued to be an active force in American life.

True

False

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