Chapter 7 Quiz

. The greatest challenge facing the Second Continental Congress was to

convince Samuel Adams, Richard Henry Lee, and their followers that they had no other choice but to go to war.

decide what title to bestow upon George Washington as commander of the colonial troops.

maintain consensus among the delegates and the states they represented.

All of the above

. By sending an attacking force to Canada in 1775, Congress hoped to achieve all of the following except

protect New England.

protect New York.

force the British to bargain.

capture additional farmland.

. In his pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine presented the argument that

Britain had the right to tax the colonies.

the English monarchy was the logical tie between the colonies and England.

it made economic sense not to separate from England.

the idea of a monarchy was illogical.

. What happened when the British attacked New York in 1776?

The British overwhelmed American forces but did not pursue and conquer them.

The Americans repelled the British attack.

A virtual stalemate with heavy casualties on both sides.

They found the American army had left.

. Eventually, the most important principle of the Declaration of Independence was

national independence.

human equality.

gender equality.

racial equality.

. The Articles of Confederation created a weak central government that had the authority to

make treaties.

carry on military and foreign affairs.

request the states to pay its expenses.

All of the above

. Compared to the national government, the state governments

were more popular with the people.

were products of both theory and practice.

had an executive called "governor" with restricted powers.

All of the above

. One of the strategies of the British Army during the Revolution was to

capture New England, then work southward.

destroy farmland in the interior of the colonies.

capture all major American cities.

capture the Southern coast, then work northward.

. The term Hessian refers to

civilians who were accidentally killed in battle.

American volunteers who deserted in combat.

British naval sailors.

hired German soldiers.

. France and Spain entered the war on the American side because

an independent but weak United States would leave North America undefended.

they agreed with the principles that caused the Americans to declare their independence from Great Britain.

they wanted an independent United States.

None of the above

. Following the American Revolution, discussions about women's role in society

touched on areas of citizenship, property, voting rights, and education.

did not occur in any meaningful way.

were stifled by Enlightenment ideas.

resulted in changes that applied to all women.

. What did Americans who moved west expect from their new government?

They expected government to secure land for them and protect them from Native Americans.

They expected the government to support a war effort to claim Native American land.

Nothing. They were intense individualists who only wanted to be left alone by any form of government.

They expected compensation for pioneering new territory.

. The delegates who met in Philadelphia in 1787 were primarily

moderate nationalists.

conservative nationalists.

radical states' rights advocates.

moderate states' rights advocates.

. Antifederalists were typically

wealthy merchants from the large cities.

western or backwoods farmers.

radical thinking nationalists.

from small eastern states.

. What was the central problem in creating a new Constitution in 1787?

Superiority of the judicial system

How to select representatives to Congress

The collection of taxes

Checks and balances

. What does the story of Abigail Adams illustrate?

How women were persecuted by the British government during wartime

How the British used civilian casualties to their advantage during wartime

How women were often more conservative than their husbands during wartime

How some women could take up new roles during wartime

. What was the Northwest Ordinance?

A law that banned settlers from claiming land beyond the Appalachian Mountains

A law that set a model of government for the western territories

A law that immediately created states in the American Northwest

A law that aimed for elite control of newly acquired territories

. How did the war play out in the South Carolina backcountry?

As a guerilla war between patriots and loyalists

As a peaceful time of limited conflict

As a time of totalitarian patriot control

As a time of war that did not touch civilian property

. America received all of the following concessions in the Treaty of Paris except

territory between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River.

recognition of American independence.

commercial concessions ensuring free trade.

territory south of the Great Lakes.

. James Madison and Alexander Hamilton favored

a stronger national government.

a weaker national government.

the end of commerce with England.

an increase in states' rights.

. Which of the following describes Federalist tactics during the ratification process?

They only disseminated purely logical arguments to win supporters.

They compromised and used the political process to their advantage.

They used violence to quell dissent.

They gave in to all Antifederalist ideas to gain their support.

. All of the following problems were left unresolved after the Revolutionary era except

how the United States would be governed in the future.

whether the country could survive.

whether new territory could be settled.

the extent of slavery's future.

.

	Articles of Confederation	Virginia Plan	New Jersey Plan	Constitution
Executive	None	Chosen by Congress	Plural; chosen by Congress	President chosen by Electoral College
Congress	One house; one vote per state	Two houses	One house	Two houses
Judiciary	None	Yes	Yes	Yes
Federalism	Limited; each state retains full sovereignty	Yes; Congress can veto state laws	Yes; acts of Congress the “supreme law of the states”	Yes; Constitution the “supreme law of the land”; states guaranteed a republican form of government; Supreme Court to adjudicate disputes between states
Powers of Congress	Conduct diplomacy and wage war; cannot levy taxes or raise army	All powers of Articles of Confederation, plus power to make laws for nation	All powers of Articles of Confederation, plus power to regulate commerce and make states pay taxes	Numerous powers, such as levy taxes, declare war, raise army, regulate commerce, and “make all laws which shall be necessary and proper” for carrying out those powers

Table 7-1: Key Provisions of the Articles of Confederation, the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Constitution. According to the table, which of the following statements is accurate?

The Articles of Confederation created a weak national government.

The Virginia Plan benefitted smaller states.

The New Jersey Plan benefitted larger states

The Constitution delegated zero powers to the states

. King George III was willing to consider a compromise to the squabbles with the colonies, but members of Parliament dissuaded him from doing so.

True

False

. The American economy boomed after the Revolutionary War.

True

False

. During the Revolutionary War, the American army continued to swell in size as each year went by.

True

False

. Loyalists were subject to reprisals from patriots if British troops were withdrawn from the countryside.

True

False

. In the years following the Revolution, land west of the Appalachians occupied by Native American tribes was gradually grabbed by land speculators, squatters, and state governments.

True

False

. The war in the South would best be characterized as a series of chases and small battles which served to strengthen the British army.

True

False

.

A map of the eastern and east central United States shows the cession of lands in Northwest Territory. The Territory included present-day Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, and central Kentucky. New York ceded present-day West Virginia and eastern Tennessee in 1782. Virginia ceded parts of present-day Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois in 1784. Massachusetts ceded southern Michigan in 1785. Connecticut ceded northern Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois in 1786. North Carolina ceded eastern Tennessee in 1790. Virginia ceded central Kentucky in 1792. A part of northeastern Tennessee was Franklin between 1784 and 1787. Georgia ceded lands to its west in 1802.

Map 7-4: Western Land Cessions. The map illustrates the disorder of state relations under the Articles of Confederation.

True

False

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