Chapter 10 Quiz

. Migrants to the backcountry in the 1820s had trouble purchasing land for all of the following reasons except

Few settlers could come up with the $500 needed to make the minimum land purchase required by the Land Act of 1820.

State and local bankers were more interested in making big deals with land speculators than in smaller loans to risky individual settlers.

When they reduced the price of land per acre and the size of the minimum-permitted individual purchase, Congress stipulated that land not promptly paid for would go back up for sale.

With the Land Act of 1820, Congress eliminated an 1800 provision that permitted settlers to buy land on credit from the government.

. In the early 1820s, workers began to form unions and go on strike. Printers, weavers, carpenters, masons, and workers in other crafts protested _______ and _______.

dangerous working conditions; poor pay

long hours; lack of benefits

poor pay; long hours

slavery; discrimination against women

. At the founding of the nation, suffrage was restricted not only by gender and race but on the basis of _______ and _______.

military service; loyalty to the nation

property ownership; military service

property ownership; tax payment

tax payment; military service

. Who was John Ross?

A Cherokee leader who opposed removal

Andrew Jackson's Vice President

The leader of the fight against the second national bank

An anti-tariff southerner

. The battle against cabals illustrated the belief that American party politics amounted to a struggle of

corporations against banks.

Masons against Antimasons.

merchants against politicians.

the common people against the monied aristocracy.

. All of the following statements are true of the Antimason Party except

It chose Andrew Jackson as its candidate for president in 1831.

It originated in New York.

Its members pledged to never vote for a Mason again.

Its members vowed to work for the defeat of any Mason currently in office.

. The Monroe Doctrine indicated the United States' desire to

avoid entanglements in European wars.

join democratic movements stirring in Europe.

support disgruntled Spanish soldiers in their rebellion against their monarchy.

support revolts against the British government in Canada.

. In the Transcontinental Treaty of 1819, Spain ceded _______ to the United States in return for the US government's agreement to assume private American claims against Spain in the amount of about $5 million.

all of Florida

California and Texas

the northern portion of Florida

the southern portion of Florida

. The Missouri Compromise showed that the issue of slavery

was easily dealt with in the political process.

would remain divisive for the foreseeable future.

was essentially divided along the lines of "rich" versus "poor."

could never be solved.

. Andrew Jackson's endorsement of federal restraint was confused by his equally strong conviction that he was the people; ironically, Jackson _______ the powers of the presidency.

diminished

expanded

made no changes to

paid little attention to

. For Andrew Jackson, the quintessential "common person" was the

eastern shopkeeper.

northern lumberer.

white plantation owner.

western settler.

. In Jackson's view, treaties with Native Americans served only to make it easy for natives to _______ United States settlers.

befriend

battle

provide aid to

question

. President Jackson believed that the best way to handle land disputes between Native Americans and white settlers was to

deny white settlers rights to the disputed territories.

devise compromises in which whites and Native Americans shared the lands.

divide the lands evenly between the whites and the Native Americans.

remove Native Americans entirely from lands sought by settlers.

. After legal appeals to the Supreme Court and several years of resistance, the _______ were removed from their native eastern lands in a forced march that became known as the Trail of Tears; they were driven off their homelands to what is now eastern _______.

Cherokee; Missouri

Cherokee; Oklahoma

Chickasaw; Missouri

Choctaw; Oklahoma

. The Native Americans that resisted removal the longest were the

Chickasaws.

Chocktaws.

Sauks and Foxes.

Seminoles.

. Why did cotton prevail as the dominant crop of the nineteenth century South?

It could be tended by white laborers, since the United States had made enslavement illegal.

Southern whites had begun to oppose tobacco.

It demanded little labor.

It could be grown on large plantations and tended by gangs of enslaved people.

. Which of the following best describes slavery in nineteenth century America?

Owners defined enslaved people as personal property, so they were bought and sold without restraint.

Enslaved people only tended cotton and tobacco in the South.

The cotton gin lessened the need for enslaved people to tend cotton.

Slavery reigned in the South but did not spread westward into new territories.

. Which of the following is the best example of a common act of resistance by enslaved people?

Fighting back against torture

Setting a slow pace of work

Escaping

Fomenting large rebellions

. Which of the following statements best describes the linkages between northern and southern economies in the nineteenth century?

Southern plantations only sold to European markets.

Northern merchants refused to deal with southern plantations because the merchants opposed slavery.

Northern merchants were tied deeply to southern cotton plantations.

Northern merchants immediately became economically independent and pursued wage labor instead.

. Which of the following statements describes the status of free Blacks during the nineteenth century?

They faced discrimination in all parts of the county.

They only faced discrimination in the South.

Southern businesses banned free Blacks, forcing them to move north.

White southerners initially resisted free Black liberty but ultimately relented.

. To dismantle the Second Bank of the United States, which he viewed as symbol of wealthy easterners' power and privilege, President Jackson asked the Secretary of the Treasury to

distribute the federal government's deposits among numerous state banks.

foreclose on corporate debts around the country.

make loans to corporations around the country.

tighten the federal bank's fiscal restraints.

. Believing that the Tariff of 1828 presented unfairly inflicted injury on southern states, John C. Calhoun wrote a justification for the theory of _______, under which states might declare particular federal laws null and void within their borders.

abomination

exposition

nullification

sovereignty

. The story of the Gowrie plantation illustrates which of the following developments?

That the white southern elite viewed enslaved people as a means to achieve social and political power

The rise of chattel slavery in the lower South

The lethality of being enslaved

All of the above

.

Map showing Toward Universal White Male Suffrage in North America. The first map is for year 1800. No Qualifications: Kentucky, Vermont, New Hampshire. Property or residency qualifications: Mississippi territory, Tennessee, Virginia, Indiana Territory, Ohio Territory, Connecticut, Rhode island, Massachusetts, and Maine. Tax paying qualifications include Georgia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania. Property and Residency qualifications include New York and South Carolina. The second map is for year 1830. No qualifications include Florida, Alabama, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Property or residency qualifications include Tennessee and South Carolina. Tax paying qualifications include Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Georgia, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. Property and Residency qualifications include Virginia and Connecticut.

Map 10-2: Toward Universal White Male Suffrage. The changes depicted in the map were most central to a philosophy known as

Jacksonian democracy.

the Masonic movement.

abolitionism.

manifest destiny.

. In the 1820s, ordinary citizens–including settlers and squatters–began to mistrust the government and felt abandoned to the wiles of the wealthy.

True

False

. Led by Henry Clay, the new nationalists fashioned a vision of a Republican political economy based on individual entrepreneurial and market development (including domestic manufacturing), guided by the active involvement of the federal government.

True

False

. The National Republicans angered the South and the West because they were against a national subsidy to improve transportation.

True

False

. Supporters of Andrew Jackson charged, with reason, that the election of 1824 had been stolen in a "corrupt bargain" brokered by political insiders who flagrantly disregarded the clear will of the electorate.

True

False

. Andrew Jackson favored limited government and feared concentrations of economic and political power.

True

False

. By the second decade of the nineteenth century, farm labor's dominance had peaked and nonfarm waged labor had become more common.

True

False

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