Chapter 1 Quiz

. The end of the Ice Age brought what change to America's Paleo-Indians?

An immediate adoption of farming techniques

The development of cities such as Tenochtitlan

A change in diet to huge mammoths that now inhabited the plains

A less nomadic lifestyle as they concentrated on smaller game

. Before the arrival of the Europeans, Native Americans could be described as

successfully making a living while occupying many different areas.

members of societies that were relatively similar to one another regardless of where they lived.

living a "hand-to-mouth" existence, just barely making a living.

members of societies that were complex and sophisticated.

. Mesoamerican political alliances were mostly characterized by

conquest through war.

ritualized sacrifice intended to establish the "peace of the gods."

negotiation between constituent subgroups.

economic tribute.

. Mississippian culture emerged from

the spread of goods and ideas northwards.

East-West migration.

consolidation after widespread American warfare.

an interaction with European explorers.

. Columbus' first journey to the Americas resulted in

trading between Columbus and indigenous groups.

kidnapping of indigenous peoples.

tension between Columbus and indigenous groups.

All of the above

. Europeans utilized all of the following new technologies during the fifteenth century except

lighter, faster ships.

metal-hulled ships.

gunpowder for weapons.

better maps for navigation.

. In response to the Requerimiento, native groups learned to

tantalize the Spaniards with accounts of nearby wealth just west of where they were.

fight off the Spanish.

spread diseases to Spanish explorers.

fully submit to Spanish explorers.

. Europeans found that the African kingdoms south of the Sahara Desert

had little use for trade.

were lacking materials of use for Europeans.

had limited technological knowledge and power.

were rich in tradition and potential trade items.

. The Portuguese began to embrace the African slave trade more fully after

conquering Madeira and envisioning large-scale sugar plantations.

opening slave trade centers in Lisbon.

the morality of enslaving Native Americans was questioned.

All of the above

. During the reconquista, Spaniards could achieve prestigious positions by

participating in the slave trade.

joining the Islamic faith.

converting to Christianity.

fighting against Muslims.

. Early encounters between European men and Native American women sometimes resulted in

European men marrying multiple native women.

strategic marriages as part of peace agreements.

new gender roles based on total equality.

European men rejecting native women.

. Which nation first dominated exploration of the New World?

France

Portugal

Spain

England

. How was Columbus greeted when he returned home after his first voyage to the Americas?

He was hailed as a hero.

He was ignored.

He was criticized for enslaving indigenous peoples.

He could not receive funding for a second voyage.

. Which of the following was not a plant or animal transported from Spain to the New World?

Horses

Potatoes

Sugarcane

Pigs

. The Spanish conquest of Mexico benefitted from

alliances with indigenous groups.

superior stamina.

the Aztec's presumption that Cortés was a god.

cooperation from the French.

. After conquering Mexico, the Spanish crown

encouraged explorers to stop and further develop Mexican resources.

encouraged further exploration of the Americas.

decided to withdraw from the Americas to pursue war against other European nations.

put an end to the encomienda system.

. Columbus's journeys had the long-term effect of

allowing Portugal to control the wealth of the New World.

isolating Europe from the rest of the world.

allowing Spain to economically destroy other European nations.

devastating indigenous populations through disease.

. What was the name of the Mississippian city that boasted about ten thousand people in the eleventh century?

Cahokia

Pueblo Bonito

Tenochtitlan

St. Augustine

.

An engraving of Tenochtitlan shows a small irregular circle and a large irregular circle to its right. The larger circle has cities and buildings in the center. These inner buildings are surrounded by a circle of water. The small circle is full of water.

Tenochtitlan. The story of Tenochtitlan exhibits how

Mexica were incapable of creating powerful cities before European arrival.

Mesoamerican society was often diverse and complex.

Mesoamerican society was peaceful and had little hierarchy.

Europeans established crucial trading posts in the New World.

. Why were Europeans largely unaffected by New World diseases?

In the 15th century, Europeans had developed large numbers of vaccines to deal with them.

The New World was largely disease-free.

They were deeply affected; 90 percent of explorers died of disease.

Centuries of trade had previously exposed Europeans to new microbes and allowed them to develop immunities.

.

Map shows Spanish Exploration in North America. Columbus, first voyage, 1492 to 1493: from Atlantic ocean to North East of Cuba; from North East of Cuba towards Atlantic ocean. Columbus, second voyage, 1493 to 1496: is from Atlantic Ocean to North of Hispaniola, to south of Cuba. Columbus, third voyage, 1498 to 1500: is from North coast of South America to south east coast of Hispaniola. Columbus, fourth voyage, 1502 to 1504: is along the coast of South Mexico, and then to South of Cuba. Ponce de Leon, 1513: is along north coast of Puerto Rico, and Hispaniola, and then along the east, west, and south coast of Florida. Cortes, 1519 is along south coast of Cuba, and North East of Mexico, to Mexico City Tenochtitlan. Verrazano, 1524: Atlantic to east of America, then upwards to all along the east coast of North America. Ayllon, 1526 is along the North East coast of Florida. Narvaez, 1527 to 1528: is along the west coast of Mexico, then to north of Mexico, and then down to east of Mexico. Cabeza de Vaca, 1528 to 1536: south of Cuba, to west coast of Florida, to North of Mexico. De Soto, 1539 to 1542: is from Havana, to west coast of Florida, to North West of Florida. Coronado, 1540 to 1542: is from west coast of Mexico to far north of Mexico.

Map 1-3: Spanish Exploration. The map indicates that

Spanish explorers never reached the mainland of North America.

Spain encouraged substantially more exploration after Columbus' first voyage.

Native American tribes resisted most Spanish exploration efforts.

Spain desired to create major colonies in North America.

. DOCUMENT QUESTION. Look at the primary source documents at the end of the chapter. Which place held a collection of Anasazi towns including the 800-room complex at Pueblo Bonito?

Chaco Canyon

Cahokia

Tenochtitlan

St. Augustine

. Certain indigenous societies, such as those in the Pacific Northwest, flourished despite not utilizing agriculture.

True

False

. Over time, the enslavement of Africans played an increasingly important role in Portugal's trade with Africa.

True

False

. The Requerimiento required Spanish conquistadors to read a document in Spanish outlining native peoples' options: choose between being ruled by the monarch and the church or going to war.

True

False

. The two dominant cultures in the Eastern Woodlands area of the Americas were the Algonquin and the Anasazi.

True

False

. Within a few years after the Spanish arrived in the New World, the native populations began to decline because of the introduction of smallpox and influenza, to which the natives had no immunity.

True

False

. Prior to 1500, slavery was an unknown practice in Europe.

True

False

Quiz Content