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A controversial 1896 Supreme Court decision that ruled that under the Fourteenth Amendment, states were allowed to segregate by race.
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Portions of land set aside for American Indians removed from their ancestral lands by the federal government.
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A controversial 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled Congress lacked power to regulate slavery and Blacks had no civil rights.
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A specific provision in the Fourteenth Amendment that prevents states from passing laws that treat people differently on account of race or ethnicity.
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A landmark 1954 Supreme Court case that prohibited government-sponsored segregation as a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment equal protection clause.
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The Southern practice of racially segregating all public facilities, such as transportation, schools, libraries, hotels, hospitals, theaters, parks, and cemeteries.
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A form of disenfranchisement in which potential voters need to demonstrate the ability to read as a condition for registering to vote.
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An ethnic category describing people of Spanish or Portuguese colonial ancestry from the Caribbean, North America, Central America, and South America.
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Nineteenth-century political activists who sought to end slavery.
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A legal principle that allowed states to segregate the races in public facilities, as long as the state provided each race with basic access to the public facility in question.
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A government denying a group the right to vote.
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The period from 1865 to 1877 in which former Confederate states were brought back into the Union, often characterized by a military presence in the South and civil rights progress for Blacks.
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