Chapter 3 Chapter Exam

. 1. The balance of power between the national government on one side and the state and local governments on the other side is the definition of

a. Federalism.

b. Sovereignty.

c. Gerrymandering.

d. None of the above.

. 2. The concept of complete political power and authority is called

a. Federalism.

b. Sovereignty.

c. Gerrymandering.

d. None of the above.

. 3. A system that occurs when a specific group, usually a political party, uses redistricting to maximize its chance of winning seats in a legislative body is known as

a. Federalism.

b. Sovereignty.

c. Gerrymandering.

d. None of the above.

. 4. Greater representation of racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. House of Representatives was brought about by

a. Making gerrymandering illegal.

b.The creation of majority/minority districts.

c. The institutionalization of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

d. Significant decreases in racially polarized voting.

. 5. Municipalities are based on

a. A principle of local governance in which local governments can govern themselves independently of the state governments.

b. A principle of local governance in which municipal governments lack independent authority.

c. A principle of local governance by which an incorporated district, usually a city or town, comprises the local government.

d. None of the above.

. 6. A principle of local governance in which local governments can govern themselves independently of the state governments is known as

a. Home rule.

b. Home run.

c. Home defense.

d. Home authority.

. 7. A principle of local governance in which municipal governments lack independent authority is known as

a. Pablo's rule.

b. Dillon's rule.

c. Whitehouse's rule.

d. Trump's rule.

. 8. The supremacy clause is

a. A constitutional provision that gives the national government the authority to regulate commerce among the states, foreign nations, and Indian tribes; it has been used to expand the power of the national government.

b. A clause of the Constitution giving Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and power to carry out its enumerated responsibilities.

c. A clause of the Constitution stipulating that when state laws conflict with national laws, national laws take precedence.

d. A specific provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that requires states to use normal judicial and criminal procedures before denying a citizen life, liberty, or property.

. 9. The elastic clause is

a. A constitutional provision that gives the national government the authority to regulate commerce among the states, foreign nations, and Indian tribes; it has been used to expand the power of the national government.

b. A clause of the Constitution giving Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and power to carry out its enumerated responsibilities.

c. A clause of the Constitution stipulating that when state laws conflict with national laws, national laws take precedence.

d. A specific provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that requires states to use normal judicial and criminal procedures before denying a citizen life, liberty, or property.

. 10. The due process clause is

a. A constitutional provision that gives the national government the authority to regulate commerce among the states, foreign nations, and Indian tribes; it has been used to expand the power of the national government.

b. A clause of the Constitution giving Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and power to carry out its enumerated responsibilities.

c. A clause of the Constitution stipulating that when state laws conflict with national laws, national laws take precedence.

d. A specific provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that requires states to use normal judicial and criminal procedures before denying a citizen life, liberty, or property.

. 11. The commerce clause is

a. A constitutional provision that gives the national government the authority to regulate commerce among the states, foreign nations, and Indian tribes; it has been used to expand the power of the national government.

b. A clause of the Constitution giving Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and power to carry out its enumerated responsibilities.

c. A clause of the Constitution stipulating that when state laws conflict with national laws, national laws take precedence.

d. A specific provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that requires states to use normal judicial and criminal procedures before denying a citizen life, liberty, or property.

. 12. Directives the national government issues to state and local governments without compensating them for complying are known as

a. Funded mandates.

b. Unfunded mandates.

c. Grants-in-aid.

d. None of the above.

. 13. Block grants are

a. Grants-in-aid that contain numerous, detailed provisions on how the states and local governments use the money.

b. Directives the national government issues to state and local governments without compensating them for complying.

c. Grants-in-aid from the national government that are general, contain minimal regulations, and give state and local governments considerable discretion on how the money should be used.

d. None of the above.

. 14. Categorical grants are

a. Grants-in-aid that contain numerous, detailed provisions on how the states and local governments use the money.

b. Directives the national government issues to state and local governments without compensating them for complying.

c. Grants-in-aid from the national government that are general, contain minimal regulations, and give state and local governments considerable discretion on how the money should be used.

d. None of the above.

. 15. A concept that permits the national government to overturn state and local laws is known as

a. Power overreach

b. Exemption.

c. Preemption.

d. Illegal.

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