Chapter 10 Practice Quiz

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. Science is ________.

a worldview that affirms how the world is correct incorrect

the use of knowledge to do things in the world correct incorrect

the only reliable way to acquire knowledge correct incorrect

a way of searching for truth correct incorrect

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. The logical structure of a hypothesis (H) that is disconfirmed because its predicted consequence (C) was not found can be represented in the form ________.

"If H, then C. C. Therefore, H." correct incorrect

"If H, then not C. Not C. Therefore, not H." correct incorrect

"If H, then C. Not C. Therefore, not H." correct incorrect

"If not H, then not C. not C. Therefore, not H." correct incorrect

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. Scientific instrumentalism is the school of thought that says that ________.

science is an instrument that brings our understanding of the natural world closer and closer to the truth correct incorrect

science offers the only way to acquire knowledge correct incorrect

science is a worldview that affirms how the world is correct incorrect

the goal of science is to put forward theories that are useful in helping us predict and control the world around us correct incorrect

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. The claim that "no bachelors are happy" is ________.

logically and physically possible correct incorrect

logically possible but physically impossible correct incorrect

logically impossible but physically possible correct incorrect

logically and physically impossible correct incorrect

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. The claim that "some swans can hover like hummingbirds" is ________.

logically and physically possible correct incorrect

logically possible but physically impossible correct incorrect

logically impossible but physically possible correct incorrect

logically and physically impossible correct incorrect

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. A friend unexpectedly recovers from a serious illness. The doctor treating her claims that there is no scientific reason for her recovery. He claims that her recovery is "miraculous." A reasonable person would conclude that the doctor's theory is ________.

weird and no weird theory is ever correct correct incorrect

reasonable given the absence of evidence proving it to be incorrect correct incorrect

unreasonable because it is logically impossible correct incorrect

unreasonable because we should not accept a non-natural explanation just because we do not know of a natural explanation correct incorrect

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. Scientific realism is ________.

the school of thought that says the goal of science is to bring our understanding of the natural world closer and closer to the truth correct incorrect

the school of thought that says the goal of science is to put forward theories that are useful in helping us to predict and control the world around us correct incorrect

the school of thought that says science is the only reliable way to acquire knowledge correct incorrect

a set of specific procedures designed to test a scientific hypothesis correct incorrect

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. The philosophical question as to whether the process of induction can ever lead to real knowledge is known as ________.

the problem of retrograde motion correct incorrect

the problem of epicycles correct incorrect

the problem of parallax correct incorrect

the problem of induction correct incorrect

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. The claim that "Criss Angel can walk on water without mechanical assistance" is ________.

logically and physically possible correct incorrect

logically impossible but physically possible correct incorrect

logically possible but not physically possible correct incorrect

logically and physically impossible correct incorrect

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. Science is not the only reliable way to acquire knowledge.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. It is generally wise to immediately reject weird theories.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Most scientific hypotheses are generated through induction by collecting data and drawing a generalization from them in order to formulate the hypothesis.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Just because you can't think of a natural explanation doesn't mean that one doesn't exist.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Scottish philosopher David Hume pointed out that no amount of evidence can ever allow us to generalize with certainty.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Scientific instrumentalism is the school of thought that says that the goal of science is to put forward theories that are useful in helping us predict and control the world around us.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Science is an objectionable ideology, according to which the universe is entirely material, mechanistic, and deterministic.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Science is an extremely reliable way of acquiring knowledge about complex questions concerning the empirical world.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. Aristotle devised a heliocentric theory of the universe.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect

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. One way in which the Copernican theory was simpler than the Ptolemaic theory, was that it could explain retrograde motion without resorting to complicated epicycles.

TRUE correct incorrect

FALSE correct incorrect